Removal of organic micropollutants from biologically treated greywater using continuous-flow vacuum-UV/UVC photo-reactor

Dubowski, Yael; Alfiya, Yuval; Gilboa, Yael; Sabach, Sara

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-07399-7

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…1D graphs representing D total (or photon-fluence) versus log degradation of the OMP are currently employed to represent laboratory-scale results of AOPs ( Li et al., 2019 ). Dubowski et al., 2020 and Moradi and Moussavi, 2018 used plots of D UV vs. OMP degradation to represent degradation in a VUV+UV AOP. However, there are two major drawbacks in analyzing or comparing VUV and UV based AOPs using this approach.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach to interpret quasi-collimated beam results to support design and scale-up of vacuum UV based AOPs

et al. 2022

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach to interpret quasi-collimated beam results to support design and scale-up of vacuum UV based AOPs

et al. 2022

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“…Unfortunately, existing greywater research has largely focused on delivering water for less-demanding applications such as toilet flushing ( Shi et al., 2018 ; Zhu et al., 2018 ) or irrigation ( Busgang et al., 2018 ). Recent research has specifically investigated post-treatment technologies that are able to improve effluent water quality for higher-quality applications, such as hand washing water or showering ( Dubowski et al., 2020 ; Gassie and Englehardt, 2017 ; Nguyen et al., 2017 ; Ziemba et al, 2019 , 2020 ). These works have demonstrated the feasibility of decentralized and self-contained systems, appropriately sized for one home, community installation or medical facility, that will be filled initially with water and then repeatedly treat this water, provide it for washing or showering, recollect it and repeat this cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruptions in loading and aeration impact effluent chlorine demand during biological greywater recycling

et al. 2021

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Greywater recycling systems designed for high-quality applications, such as hand washing, must deliver microbially safe and aesthetically acceptable water under the challenging operating conditions present where such systems are needed most urgently. As chlorination is the most popular strategy for reducing bacterial concentrations in greywater, understanding chlorination in the context of disruptive and challenging operation is essential to designing robust treatment. In this study, we have examined how disruptions through overall increased loading, interrupted aeration and increased ammonia loading have impacted the chlorine demand of the water produced by a greywater recycling system. We also presented concentrations of significant chemicals that contributed to this chlorine demand. The results indicate that a 1 d period with 8 times (8x) the normal design loading produced a peak chlorine demand of 0.74 mg Cl 2 /L, which is approximately double the baseline value. While this chlorine demand can be overcome by adding more chlorine, tests involving disruptions in aeration or feeding additional ammonia into the bioreactor produced much greater increases (>30x). The risks of increased chlorine demand on microbial safety can be overcome by limiting ammonia inputs to the system, providing backup systems to ensure sufficient aeration, or through additional anti-bacterial measures that do not depend on maintaining residual chlorine.

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“…The direct formation of hydroxyl radicals makes VUV radiation among the most advanced oxidation processes [ 14 ]. In recent years, there is accumulating evidence for the potential of a VUV-based AOP for removal of persistent pollutants both in deionized water (e.g., [ 15 , 16 ]) as well as in more realistic water matrices (e.g., [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]). Like all AOP processes, a successful VUV-based AOP needs to minimize the formation of undesired intermediates and overcome interferences from other compounds that may compete for the hydroxyl radicals formed (e.g., carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, and natural organic matter) or act as inner UV filters (e.g., nitrates and NOM) (e.g., [ 21 , 22 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, there is accumulating evidence for the potential of a VUV-based AOP for removal of persistent pollutants both in deionized water (e.g., [ 15 , 16 ]) as well as in more realistic water matrices (e.g., [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]). Like all AOP processes, a successful VUV-based AOP needs to minimize the formation of undesired intermediates and overcome interferences from other compounds that may compete for the hydroxyl radicals formed (e.g., carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, and natural organic matter) or act as inner UV filters (e.g., nitrates and NOM) (e.g., [ 21 , 22 ]). An additional challenge for this VUV-based AOP is the limited penetration depth of VUV radiation in water (approximately 11 mm at 185 nm; [ 23 ]), which requires special attention in reactor designing and probably makes this process more attractive to decentralized and small-scale water treatment facilities that treat smaller volumes of water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H2S Removal from Groundwater by Chemical Free Advanced Oxidation Process Using UV-C/VUV Radiation

et al. 2021

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Sulfide species may be present in groundwater due to natural processes or due to anthropogenic activity. H2S contamination poses odor nuisance and may also lead to adverse health effects. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are considered promising treatments for hydrogen-sulfide removal from water, but conventional AOPs usually require continuous chemical dosing, as well as post-treatment, when solid catalysts are applied. Vacuum-UV (VUV) radiation can generate ·OH in situ via water photolysis, initiating chemical-free AOP. The present study investigated the applicability of VUV-based AOP for removal of H2S both in synthetic solutions and in real groundwater, comparing combined UV-C/VUV and UV-C only radiation in a continuous-flow reactor. In deionized water, H2S degradation was much faster under the combined radiation, dominated by indirect photolysis, and indicated the formation of sulfite intermediates that convert to sulfate at high radiation doses. Sulfide was efficiently removed from natural groundwater by the two examined lamps, with no clear preference between them. However, in anoxic conditions, common in sulfide-containing groundwater, a small advantage for the combined lamp was observed. These results demonstrate the potential of utilizing VUV-based AOP for treating H2S contamination in groundwater as a chemical-free treatment, which can be especially attractive to remote small treatment facilities.

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Removal of organic micropollutants from biologically treated greywater using continuous-flow vacuum-UV/UVC photo-reactor

Cited by 14 publications

References 55 publications

A novel approach to interpret quasi-collimated beam results to support design and scale-up of vacuum UV based AOPs

A novel approach to interpret quasi-collimated beam results to support design and scale-up of vacuum UV based AOPs

Disruptions in loading and aeration impact effluent chlorine demand during biological greywater recycling

H2S Removal from Groundwater by Chemical Free Advanced Oxidation Process Using UV-C/VUV Radiation

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