Removal of methylene blue dye in water by using recoverable natural zeolite/Fe3O4 adsorbent

Abstract

<p>In this paper, the low-cost and practical adsorption for removing methylene blue (MB) dye has been developed by using recoverable natural zeolite that was magnetized with Fe3O4. The magnetization was conducted by co-precipitation technique. The adsorbents obtained from the magnetization were characterized by XRD, FTIR, surface area analyzer and turbidity meter machines. The MB adsorption on the recoverable adsorbent was performed by batch experiment. The effect of Fe3O4 fraction on adsorbent characters, recoverability, and adsorption ability was evaluated. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm were also determined. The research results attributed that recoverable zeolite/Fe3O4 adsorbent has been successfully produced. It was found that the increase of Fe3O4 fraction in the adsorbent, has improved the recoverability, but in the same time, it caused the adsorption decreased. The fraction of Fe3O4 as much 33.30%w displayed compromisingly good capacity and recoverability. The maximum MB dye adsorption was reached by a condition of 0.25 g L-1 of the adsorbent dose, pH 8, and in 60 mins of the contact time The adsorption kinetic well fitted with pseudo second-order with the adsorption rate of 0.0238 mg g-1 min-1. The adsorption strongly agreed with the Langmuir isotherm with adsorption capacity of 32.258 mg g-1 .</p>

Optimizing methylene blue adsorption conditions on hydrothermally synthesized NaX zeolite through a full two-level factorial design

“… 51,52 Since the MB concentration was maintained constant, for ratios equal or larger than 2, the adsorption uptake percentage was stabilized due to the saturation attributed to the occupation of the active sites and equilibration with the liquid phase. These results were in line to those observed by Wahyuni et al , 19 that reported the impact of the S/L for MB removal from water using recoverable natural zeolite/Fe 3 O 4 adsorbent, showing a yield up to 25 mg/100 mL, but beyond this quantity, no significant increase was observed due to the saturation of the solution that limits interaction with the adsorbent surface.…”

“…15 Therefore, several authors in their current research have focused on developing methods to protect aquatic environments using adsorbents with a high adsorption capacity. [15][16][17][18][19] Among adsorbents, synthetic and natural zeolites, due to their ability to adsorb drugs, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, metal ions, and dyes have been widely explored. [20][21][22] Andrunik et al 20 tested the potential of y ashbased zeolites and zeolite-carbon composites to remove pesticides from water.…”

“…Although, previous studies have examined the effectiveness of zeolites in the adsorption of various pollutants, including heavy metals and dyes, 19,32 very few have looked at the use of NaX zeolite for MB adsorption. 33,34 Moreover, to the best of authors' knowledge, the optimization of the experimental conditions for MB adsorption onto NaX zeolite by an experimental design has never been reported.…”