Removal of Lead in a Fixed-Bed Column Packed with Activated Carbon and Crab Shell

Effective removal of zinc ions from aqueous solutions using crab carapace biosorbent

“…However, as Lee et al [23] suggested that total released Ca 2+ was not contributed only through CaCO 3 dissolution, the ion-exchange between Ca 2+ and tested metal ions also promoted Ca 2+ release in their study with Pb 2+ removal by crab carapace. On the other hand, the released CO 3 2− reacted with proton to form HCO 3 − and H 2 CO 3 , hence improved solution pH [23,28,34,35]. Therefore Zn 2+ removal was resulted in the formation of metal-carbonate precipitates such as ZnCO 3 ·2Zn(OH) 2 ·H 2 O [37].…”

“…Recently, it has been recognised that crab carapace has significant potential as a biosorbent for metal removal after simple pre-treatment [4,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. For example, the uptake of Pb 2+ by crab carapace (Protunus trituberculatus) has been reported to be 1300 mg/g [34,35]. An et al [36] evaluated the capacity of crab carapace (Chinonecetes opilio) to treat several heavy metal ion solutions (Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ and Cr 2+ ) and demonstrated that crab carapace was more efficient than cation exchange resin, zeolite and powdered or granular activated carbon.…”

Adsorption of Pb2+ in aqueous solution by SO2-treated activated carbon

“…This material may be used either as such or with the surface modified chemically to enhance its adsorption capacity for metallic ions such as Pb 2þ ion in aqueous solution [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In previous reports, an account was given of the introduction of sulfur in activated carbon [14] and of the ability of resultant products to adsorb Hg 2þ [14], Pb 2þ [15], Cd 2þ [16], or the three ions [17] from aqueous solution.…”

Effect of valences on removal of anionic pollutants using micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration

“…Heavy metals, well-known as carcinogenic, have been removed by various *Corresponding author methods such as chemical precipitation [1], ion exchange [2][3][4], biosorption [5,6], nanofiltration [7][8][9], and reverse osmosis [10]. However, anionic pollutants such as ferriecyanide, chromate, and nitrate have quite different characteristics to cationic pollutants such as heavy metals.…”