Removal of lead from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation: isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic studies

Abstract

The present study provides an electrocoagulation process for the removal of lead from water using magnesium and galvanized iron as anode and cathode, respectively. The various operating parameters such as the effect of initial pH, current density, electrode configuration, inter-electrode distance, co-existing ions and temperature on the removal efficiency of lead were studied. The results showed that the maximum removal efficiency of 99.3 % at a pH of 7.0 was achieved at a current density 0.8 A/dm 2 with an energy consumption of 0.72 kWh/m 3 . The experimental data were fitted with several adsorption isotherm models to describe the electrocoagulation process. The adsorption of lead preferably fitting the Langmuir adsorption isotherm suggests monolayer coverage of adsorbed molecules. In addition, the adsorption kinetic studies showed that the electrocoagulation process was best described using the second-order kinetic model at various current densities. Thermodynamic parameters, including the Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy, indicated that the lead adsorption of water on magnesium hydroxides was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic.

Evaluations of operating parameters on treatment of can manufacturing wastewater by electrocoagulation

“…EC has also been applied to remove metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, etc.) [27][28][29][30], anions (arsenate, boron, fluoride, nitrate and phosphate, etc.) [31][32][33][34][35][36], colloidal and suspended particles (clay minerals, virus, bacteria, and other microbial indicators) [37,38], oil and greases [39].…”

Electrochemical treatment of actual sugar industry wastewater using aluminum electrode

“…Among various technologies, electrochemical (EC) treatment is one of the best economical alternative processes (Chen 2004;Ponselvan et al 2009) when conventional treatment methods fail to reduce pollution among industrial effluents (Brillas et al 1998). EC process is a recently developed technique which is being employed in the treatment of various wastewaters (Kim et al 2002;Aoudj et al 2010;Serge et al 2010;Kamaraj et al 2013;Maleki et al 2014;Ndjomgoue-Yossa et al 2014). It is a simple, efficient, safe, flexible and cost-effective treatment process (Bayramoglu et al 2004(Bayramoglu et al , 2007Guven et al 2009).…”

Potential of green synthesized zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of lead-contaminated water

“…Waste effluents of these industries are the main culprit for lead contamination of water as these possess 200-500 mg l -1 concentrations of lead (Saka et al 2012). EPA has included the lead in the list of carcinogenic substances in spite of this several disorders related with gastrointestinal tract, brains, kidneys and central nervous systems are caused by lead in human beings, that is why remediation of lead from industrial waste effluents before discharging them becomes very necessary (Kamaraj et al 2013).…”