Removal of Lead and Chromium from Synthetic Wastewater Using Vetiveria zizanioides

Abstract

The present study deals with the removal of Pb and Cr from synthetic wastewater using Vetiveria zizanioides in a batch scale floating platform unit. The effect of pH, initial concentration of metals, and time on the removal of Pb and Cr has been studied. Vetiveria zizanioides has shown optimum growth at a pH 6–9 and good removal conditions for 5–20 mg/L Pb and Cr. The described process showed good uptake ability for both Pb and Cr, ranging from 80 to 94% for Pb and about 77–78% for Cr, respectively. The uptake of Cr is found to be faster than the Pb uptake process. The removal of Pb has shown an inductive effect whereas Cr removal is found to be non‐inductive. Most of Cr is found to be stored in the stem (28.3 g/kg) of the plant whereas most of Pb is found to be stored in the roots (57.015 g/kg). The performance of the present process seems to be more efficient compared with other phytoremediation methods.

Phytoremediating Batik Wastewater Using Vetiver Chrysopogon zizanioides (L)

“…The concentration in PL50 in the 3 rd week until the 5th week had no significant decline. According to [23], Chrysopogon zizanioides L. can reduce Cr concentration from 5 mg/L to 1.125 mg/L, and even higher than the results of this study, as well as result of Rodriguez [18], the treatment of contaminated sludge could absorb 30% Cr, which is less than the result of this study of 40.29% (Table 6).…”

“…Plants demonstrated better absorption ability at pH 6-9. The more alkaline the pH, the effectiveness of absorption tends to be decreased [23]. TSS ranged 433.79-2,949.08 mg/L, in which the higher the effluent concentration, the higher the turbidity.…”

Floating Wetlands: A Sustainable Tool for Wastewater Treatment

“…An increasingly important service is treatment of wastewater due to the ability of plants to absorb nutrients and/or degrade toxic compounds. The history of using NFWs for the treatment of contaminated water dates back to the classical era . Nevertheless, first comprehensive description was provided by Russel in 1942 who used the term “flotant” and described the formation of these thick root mats that allow emergent macrophytes to grow on the floating mat .…”

“…The history of using NFWs for the treatment of contaminated water dates back to the classical era. [6] Nevertheless, first comprehensive description was provided by Russel in 1942 who used the term "flotant" and described the formation of these thick root mats that allow emergent macrophytes to grow on the floating mat. [7] Later, van Duzer compiled the bibliography on NFWs from about 1800 literature sources in 20 languages and described their important features such as development scheme, basis of buoyancy, ecological characteristics, control and management, wildlife habitat, and enhancement of water quality.…”

Reducing Ammonia and Chromium Concentration in Batik Wastewater by Vetiver (Chrysopogon Zizanioides L.) Grown in Floating Wetland

“…The pH ranged between 7.30-9.76, pH on day T0-T28 was not significantly different (p > 0.05), however when compared with day T35-T49 it was significantly different (p < 0.05). According to Singh et al (2014) plants effectively absorbed waste at pH of 6-9. pH 7-8 is the optimal pH for vetiver in removing BOD, while at pH < 5 vetiver performance in eliminating BOD ranged 10-40%. High pH (12) can inhibit vetiver performance (Darajeh, 2016).…”