Abstract. Spatiotemporal variations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and inorganic carbon (DIC) in 26 waters across the semi-humid/semi-arid Songnen Plain, China, were examined with data collected during and brackish (n = 12) waters were grouped according to electrical conductivity (threshold = 1000 µS cm −1 ). Significant differences in the average DOC and DIC concentrations were observed between the fresh (5.63 mg L −1 , 37.39 mg L −1 ) and the brackish waters (15.33 mg L −1 , 142.93 mg L −1 ). Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and DOC concentrations were mainly controlled by climatic-hydrologic conditions. The investigation indicated that the outflow conditions in the semi-arid region had condensed effects on the dissolved carbon, resulting in close relationships between salinity vs. DOC (R 2 = 0.66), and salinity vs. DIC (R 2 = 0.94). An independent data set collected in May 2012 also confirmed this finding (DOC: R 2 = 0.79, DIC: R 2 = 0.91), highlighting the potential of quantifying DOC and DIC via salinity measurements for waters dispersed in the plain. Indices based on the CDOM absorption spectra (e.g., the DOC-specific CDOM absorption (SUVA 254 ), absorption ratio a 250 : a 365 (E 250 : E 365 ) and the spectral slope ratio (Sr, S 275−295 /S 350−400 )) were applied to characterize CDOM composition and quality. Our results indicate that high molecular weight CDOM fractions are more abundant in the fresh waters than the brackish waters.