Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review

Fu, Fenglian; Wang, Qi

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.11.011

Cited by 6,754 publications

(3,188 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…The affinity between a chemical component and the adsorbent controls the extent at which an aqueous metal ion is adsorbed onto a mineral surface. Indeed, the aqueous speciation of a metal ion, pH, contact time, temperature and the metal ion concentration are important factors that determine the kinetics and the efficiency of a given adsorption process [8,12,13,33]. In these experiments, the aqueous speciation of Ba and Sr was predominated by "free" Ba and Sr ions at pH 8.5 to 4.0.…”

Section: Structural and Chemical Characterization Of Allophane Adsorbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of barium, cobalt, strontium and zinc from solution by natural and synthetic allophane adsorbents

Baldermann¹,

Grießbacher²,

Baldermann³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract:The capacity and the mechanism of the adsorption of aqueous barium (Ba), cobalt (Co), strontium (Sr) and zinc (Zn) by Ecuadorian (NatAllo) and synthetic (SynAllo-1 and SynAllo-2) allophanes were studied as a function of contact time, pH and metal ion concentration using kinetic and equilibrium experiments. The mineralogy, nano-structure and chemical composition of the allophanes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and specific surface area analyses. The evolution of adsorption fitted to a pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics, where equilibrium between aqueous metal ions and allophane was reached within < 10 min. The metal ion removal efficiencies varied from 0.7 to 99.7 % at pH 4.0 to 8.5. At equilibrium, the adsorption behavior is better described by the Langmuir model than by the Dubinin-Radushkevich model, yielding sorption capacities of 10.6, 17.2 and 38.6 mg/g for Ba , 12.4, 19.3 and 29.0 mg/g for HCoO , 7.2, 15.9 and 34.4 mg/g for Sr and 20.9, 26.9 and 36.9 mg/g for Zn , respectively, by NatAllo, SynAllo-2 and SynAllo-1. The uptake mechanism is based on a physical adsorption process. Allophane holds great potential to remove aqueous metal ions and could be used instead of zeolites, montmorillonite, carbonates and phosphates for wastewater treatment.

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Section: Structural and Chemical Characterization Of Allophane Adsorbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of barium, cobalt, strontium and zinc from solution by natural and synthetic allophane adsorbents

Baldermann¹,

Grießbacher²,

Baldermann³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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show abstract

“…A linear form of pseudo-first-order model was described in the equation as follows (refer to "(6)"): log log / 2.303 1 q -q q k t e t e ads   (6) where q e and q t are the amount of adsorption at equilibrium and time t, respectively, and k 1 ads is the rate constant of the pseudo-first order adsorption process. The adsorption data provides a straight line pseudo-first order graph and the value of adsorption rate constant, k 1 ads can be computed.…”

Section: Adsorption Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coal-activated carbon is widely used as adsorbent in the industry for heavy metals removal from wastewater [6]. Even though the use of activated carbon is efficient and well establish but it was expensive compared to other adsorbents, so, many researchers investigated a way to reduce the cost of activated carbon by add additives to the activated carbon such as alginate, tannic acid, magnesium and many more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rock Melon Activated Carbon (RMAC) for Removal of Cd(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) from Wastewater: Kinetics and Adsorption Equilibrium

Said¹,

Amalina²,

Seddiq³

et al. 2015

IJCEA

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Abstract-The use of effective adsorbents has been investigating as a replacement of current costly methods for heavy metals removal. The present work evaluates the potential of rock melon shell waste as alternative adsorbent for cadmium, nickel and copper ions in aqueous solution. The rock melon shells were dried, ground and separated based on the sizes through sieve shaker. Then, the rock melon shell powder was activated at temperature range of 400 ˚C -650 ˚C. FESEM and BET were used for adsorbent morphology and surface area analysis. The prepared adsorbent and adsorbate were applied for testing and manipulating the process parameter effects. The results were analyzed by using the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The optimal process conditions were used for adsorption equilibrium and kinetics justification. The removal of the heavy metals improved as the pH, contact time and adsorbent dosage increased. However, it tended to achieve equilibrium state once the active sites of the adsorbent were fully occupied. The highest removal of Cd(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions equilibrated within 120 min, at pH of 8 and adsorbent dosage was 0.3 g which was exceed 99%. The second order kinetics model best fits the obtained data while the mecahanism indicates surface adsorption and intraparticle diffusion. The adsorption equilibrium accompanies the Freundlich isotherm for cadmium and nickel, but the Langmuir for copper ion.Index Terms-Rock melon shells, heavy metals, kinetics and adsorption equilibrium.

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“…In the past, several methods such as membrane assisted liquid extraction (MALE) (Jönsson, Mathiasson, Chimuka, & Cukrowska, n.d.) liquid-liquid extraction (L. , membrane filtration (Fu & Wang, 2011); ion exchange (Möller, Crescenzi, & Nilsson, 2004), adsorption (Li et al, 2012) have been employed to remove toxic heavy metal ions from aquatic environments. However, these methods have been reported to have some challenges such as high cost (Chee, Wong, & Lee, 1996), require a trained personnel (Ahmad, Mohd, & Universiti, 2015), high energy consumption (Perdew, Burke, & Ernzerhof, 1996), use of large quantities of chemicals (Atassi, Tally, & Ismail, 2008), poor removal rate to meet the pollution control limits (Piletska et al, 2008), low mechanical strength of adsorbents (Özcan, Sahin, & Sahin, 2008), weak hydrothermal stability (Firouzzare & Wang, 2012), poor selectivity (O'Mahony, Molinelli, Nolan, Smyth, & Mizaikoff, 2005) and time consuming (Mijangos et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-templated Pb-Zn-Hg Ion Imprinted Polymer for the Selective and Simultaneous Removal of Toxic Metallic Ions from Wastewater

Stevens¹,

Batlokwa²

2017

IJC

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A multi-templated Pb-Zn-Hg ion imprinted polymer was synthesized to demonstrate the selective and simultaneous removal of the named targeted ions. Molecular Imprinting Technology was employed, guided by thermal bulk polymerization method, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate as crosslinking agent in the presence of the initiator azobisisobutyronitrile; Pb(II), Zn(II) and Hg(II) ions as template ions, and 1,10-phenanthroline as the complexing agent. Rigorous, optimal template removal method was employed. Physical and chemical properties of the sorbent were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction and Atomic Force Microscopy. Operational parameters: time, pH and sorbent dosage for the rebinding batch experiments were optimized and found to be 15 min, 7.5 and 666.7 mg/L respectively. Percentage recoveries of the removed targeted ions from spiked samples were: 92.14 ± 0.16%, 106.09 ± 0.17% and 99.86 ± 0.04%. The synthesized sorbents showed good selectivity towards the targeted metal ion by removing 90% -98% of the templated ions as compared to 58% -62% of the competitive ions.

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Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review

Cited by 6,754 publications

References 185 publications

Removal of barium, cobalt, strontium and zinc from solution by natural and synthetic allophane adsorbents

Removal of barium, cobalt, strontium and zinc from solution by natural and synthetic allophane adsorbents

Rock Melon Activated Carbon (RMAC) for Removal of Cd(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) from Wastewater: Kinetics and Adsorption Equilibrium

Multi-templated Pb-Zn-Hg Ion Imprinted Polymer for the Selective and Simultaneous Removal of Toxic Metallic Ions from Wastewater

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