Removal of heavy metal chromium from tannery effluent using ultrafiltration membrane

Abstract

The present study was aimed to fabricate a novel ultrafiltration membrane using cellulose acetate, nanochitosan, and polyethylene glycol of ratio 1:2:2 by phase inversion method. Analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been employed to characterize the prepared membrane. FTIR and XRD results revealed the formation of blended membrane with increased amorphous nature. SEM studies exhibited the rough surface with numerous pores. The prepared membrane was also characterized for its ultrafiltration performance by membrane compaction, pure water flux, water content, and porosity. The results showed that the membrane obtained a pure water flux of 25.32 l/m 2 h. The water content was found to be 24 % and a high porosity of 83 % was obtained which showed the membrane's high hydrophilicity and more porous nature. The main focus of the present study was toxic hexavalent chromium removal from tannery effluent using the prepared hydrophilic membrane, which causes various adverse effects. The effect of pH of the solution (viz., pH 5, 7, and 9), membrane thickness (0.1 and 0.2 mm), and the applied pressure (50 and 100 kPa) were studied which are the key factors in determining the efficiency of the prepared membrane in remediation of tannery effluent. The results showed high percentage removal of chromium at pH 7 using 0.2 mm thickness at 100 kPa. The physicochemical parameters of the tannery effluent were also found to be reduced.

Removal of Contaminants from Water by Membrane Filtration: A Review

“…As mentioned above, the -COOH and -OH groups on the GO and oxidized-MWCNT surface can induce negative charges on the membrane surface, which causes electrostatic repulsion of the ions resulting in increased rejection of the As. In addition to the previous results, Vinodhini et al [82] observed that CA membranes modified with PEG and nanochitosan were also very effective for Cr(VI) removal (95%). This result may also be related to the positive charge of the membrane due to the incorporation of chitosan nanoparticles in its matrix, which would improve its adsorption capacity.…”

Removal of heavy metals and pollutants by membrane adsorption techniques

“…Zhang et al (1999) satisfactorily removed Cd 2+ and Sr 2+ ions via adsorption on cellulose/alginic acid (RC-AlC) ion-exchange membrane. Vinodhini and Sudha (2016) fabricated a novel ultrafiltration membrane prepared by phase inversion method using cellulose acetate, nano chitosan, and polyethylene glycol. The membrane was used for toxic hexavalent chromium removal from tannery effluent.…”

Available Techniques of Wastewater Management Practices in Indian Tanneries: A Literature Review

“…Similarly, BOD and COD reduction of 56% and 51% respectively have been observed after an extended contact time. The maximum removal of chromium was noted at neutral pH with a membrane thickness of 0.2mm and 100kPa pressure and industrial application of this has been suggested (58).…”