Removal of gut symbiotic bacteria negatively affects life history traits of the shield bug, Graphosoma lineatum

Abstract

Symbiotic associations between insects and microorganisms are among the key features that have enabled insects to occupy a wide range of ecological niches (Brownlie & Johnson, 2009). In this relationship, insects provide suitable condition for microbial symbionts and in many cases transmit them through the generation by vertical and horizontal transmission. Instead, the symbionts mainly conferred to the host any benefit that increases the survival and fecundity of the host. Some of endosymbionts are obligate for survival of their host such as Buchnera in aphids and Wigglesworth in tsetse fly. These symbionts provide essential nutrients like essential amino acids and vitamins for their hosts (Baumann, 2005; Buchner, 1965; Wernegreen, 2002). Elimination of these symbionts often has strong negative effect on their insect hosts including retarded growth and significant reduction in survival rates and fecundity (

Diversity of endosymbionts in camellia spiny whitefly, Aleurocanthus camelliae (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), estimated by 16S rRNA analysis and their biological implications

“…These changed biological traits negatively affected the development of A. camelliae , ultimately resulting in the reduction of the offspring population. The present results showed that aposymbiotic action had a clear unfavorable influence on A. camelliae , which is highly consistent with early reports (Karamipour et al, 2021 ). For example, bacterial symbiont elimination had negative effects on nymphal development and adult emergence of Brachynema germari, Acrosternum heegeri , and Acrosternum arabicum (Kashkouli et al, 2019 ) and adverse effects on life history traits of Graphosoma lineatum (Karamipour et al, 2021 ).…”

A CTL − Lys immune function maintains insect metamorphosis by preventing gut bacterial dysbiosis and limiting opportunistic infections

“…Morphological traits of larvae and adults are genetically decoupled in favor of adaptation to selective forces, which possibly explains the advantage of metamorphosis [ 1 ]. Symbiotic bacteria, such as Lactobacillus plantarum , positively affect many aspects of host physiology and are therefore passed on to host offspring [ 2 , 3 ]. Holometabolous insects are at risk of losing symbiotic bacteria, leading to opportunistic infections, as the gut is renewed during complete metamorphosis [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Bacterial microbiome associated with cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricorne (F.) and its microbial plasticity in relation to diet sources

“…The grain pest beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis with its intracellular bacteroidetes symbionts (Candidatus Shikimatogenerans silvanidophilus) supplement the beetle with tyrosine precursors and this confers structural protection of the beetle against desiccation and predation [3]. Elimination of these symbiotic partners by heat treatment or antibiotics has a significant negative effect on the life history traits of the insect [8,9]. Although not strictly essential for mere survival of insect, microbeinsect interaction influences many aspects of development, physiology, reproduction and behaviour to ecology of the insect [5].…”

“…Although not strictly essential for mere survival of insect, microbeinsect interaction influences many aspects of development, physiology, reproduction and behaviour to ecology of the insect [5]. Aposymbiotic insects exhibit decrease in nymphal development and adult emergence duration in Brachynema germari, Acrosternum heegeri, and Acrosternum arabicum [10], and reproductive potential in Graphosoma lineatum [9].…”