Removal of gender incongruence of childhood diagnostic category: a human rights perspective

Cabral, Mauro; Suess, Amets; Ehrt, Julia; Seehole, Tshegofatso Joshua; Wong, J. L.

doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30043-8

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…The main argument advanced against retaining the category is that stigmatization associated with being diagnosed with any health condition − not just a mental disorder diagnosis − is potentially harmful to children who will in any case not be receiving medical interventions before puberty. A more substantive critique is that, if it is the case that the problems of extremely gender‐variant children arise primarily from hostile social reactions and victimization, assigning a diagnosis to the child amounts to blaming the victim. This latter concern suggests a need for further research as well as a broader social conversation.…”

Section: Proposed Changes To F64 Gender Identity Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders related to sexuality and gender identity in the ICD‐11: revising the ICD‐10 classification based on current scientific evidence, best clinical practices, and human rights considerations

et al. 2016

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In the World Health Organization's forthcoming eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11), substantial changes have been proposed to the ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders related to sexuality and gender identity. These concern the following ICD-10 disorder groupings: F52 Sexual dysfunctions, not caused by organic disorder or disease; F64 Gender identity disorders; F65 Disorders of sexual preference; and F66 Psychological and behavioural disorders associated with sexual development and orientation. Changes have been proposed based on advances in research and clinical practice, and major shifts in social attitudes and in relevant policies, laws, and human rights standards. This paper describes the main recommended changes, the rationale and evidence considered, and important differences from the DSM-5. An integrated classification of sexual dysfunctions has been proposed for a new chapter on Conditions Related to Sexual Health, overcoming the mind/body separation that is inherent in ICD-10. Gender identity disorders in ICD-10 have been reconceptualized as Gender incongruence, and also proposed to be moved to the new chapter on sexual health. The proposed classification of Paraphilic disorders distinguishes between conditions that are relevant to public health and clinical psychopathology and those that merely reflect private behaviour. ICD-10 categories related to sexual orientation have been recommended for deletion from the ICD-11.

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Section: Proposed Changes To F64 Gender Identity Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders related to sexuality and gender identity in the ICD‐11: revising the ICD‐10 classification based on current scientific evidence, best clinical practices, and human rights considerations

et al. 2016

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“…Such approaches pathologize families through, for example, suggesting that particular parent-child dynamics "cause" gender non-conformity, which has led clinicians to direct parents to enforce behaviors and interests deemed "appropriate" to their assigned sex (see Pyne, 2014, for a summary of the work of both Rekers and Zucker). In response to such pathologizing accounts, there continue to be significant debates over whether or not gender non-conforming children and adolescents should be subject to diagnosis at all (Cabral, Suess, Ehrt, Seehole, & Wong, 2016;Drescher, 2014). In part, such debates emphasize that clinical diagnosis and treatment of gender non-conforming children may be aimed at preventing future queer adults, given the ongoing stigma attached to such adults in the context of a cisgenderist and heterosexist society (Bryant, 2006(Bryant, , 2008Drescher, 2010;Hegarty, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transnormativity in the psy disciplines: Constructing pathology in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and Standards of Care.

Riggs

Pearce

Pfeffer

et al. 2019

American Psychologist

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The psy disciplines (i.e., psychiatry, psychology, psychoanalysis, and psychotherapy) have played a significant role in shaping understandings of transgender people's lives in ways that are transnormative (i.e., by emphasizing one particular account of what it means to be transgender). This paper documents 1) how the rise of the psy disciplines created opportunities for transgender people to access treatment (but that such access often required tacit acceptance of transnormativity), and 2) how transgender people have resisted transnormative accounts within the psy disciplines. More specifically, this paper explores how both the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, and what is now the World Professional Association for Transgender Health's Standards of Care, have often enshrined highly regulatory accounts of transgender people's lives, while also changing over time, in part due to the contributions of transgender people. The paper concludes by considering recent contributions by transgender people in terms of the use of informed consent models of care and clinical research, and highlights the ongoing marginalization of transgender people in terms of access to ethical, trans-competent care.

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“…In a careful critique of the discipline of history and of trans histories, author C. Libby interrogates the origin story of the study of transgender phenomena in Europe through their tracking of interlocking and recursive uses of the same trans and intersex figures in the study of medieval saints and of the sexologists who draw on these examples to conjure up validity to their pathologizing claims. Turning from the "early" study of transgender as phenomena to present-day struggles for the project of "depathologization" of trans identities, gender variance, and gendernonconforming persons around the world (Cabral et al 2016;Suess Schwend 2020), Nat Raha's essay looks at how the practice of exchanging ideas on trans healing and access to health care in contemporary European transfeminist zines has amplified radical understandings of health and forged mutually aided forms of embodied consciousness. Elia A.G. Arfini's microhistory of Italian transsexual social movements since the 1980s also underlines the power of collective action while highlighting the importance of being visible and en masse to lodge protest, citing the ways that Italian trans politics -once the vanguard-is being recast by the "liberated North" as a part of the "backward South," concluding with calls for taking the location of Southern Europe seriously.…”

Section: Histories Methods and Institutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Trans Studies in and beyond Europe

Nay¹,

Steinbock²

2021

TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly

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T he introduction to this special issue comes in a time of global transformation and, simultaneously, amidst severe reinforcement of the borders of knowledge, embodiment, life and death, movement, and social value that often work to secure the territories of racialized and gendered civility within Europe, and indeed worldwide. Trans political struggles across European countries have successfully intervened in the legal and medical regulation of the borders of gender embodiment/identification. This includes making over legal gender recognition processes within a self-determination model and increasing the available gender markers for official documents beyond male/female (ILGA World 2020). Activists and experts have also collaborated with the World Health Organization in Geneva, Switzerland, to remove the trans-related categories in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) from the chapter titled "Mental and Behavioral Disorders" to "Sexual Health," under a new code, "gender incongruence" (Suess Schwend 2020). 1 In terms of public culture and media, the European continent is also gripped by a wave of trans and gender-expansive visibility, heralded by the bearded drag queen Conchita Wurst of Austria winning the hugely popular Eurovision Song Contest in 2014, and capped by the 2020 appointment of Europe's first openly transgender minister, Petra De Sutter, as the new deputy prime minister in Belgium.Going to press, Europe is caught up in the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic that has laid bare the extreme vulnerability of refugees and trans folks in accessing basic services, such as health care, education, and employment, and has brought more attention to their already long-entrenched experiences of social and physical isolation (Fedorko, Ogrm, and Kurmanov 2021). The crisis has served to intensify regimes of cisheteropatriarchal white supremacy that rule

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Removal of gender incongruence of childhood diagnostic category: a human rights perspective

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

Disorders related to sexuality and gender identity in the ICD‐11: revising the ICD‐10 classification based on current scientific evidence, best clinical practices, and human rights considerations

Disorders related to sexuality and gender identity in the ICD‐11: revising the ICD‐10 classification based on current scientific evidence, best clinical practices, and human rights considerations

Transnormativity in the psy disciplines: Constructing pathology in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and Standards of Care.

Critical Trans Studies in and beyond Europe

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