Removal of dissolved organic carbon and nutrients from urban wastewaters by Galdieria sulphuraria: Laboratory to field scale demonstration

Henkanatte-Gedera, S.M.; Selvaratnam, Thinesh; Karbakhshravari, Mohsen; Myint, Maung Thein; Nirmalakhandan, Nagamany; Voorhies, Wayne Van; Lammers, Peter J.

doi:10.1016/j.algal.2016.08.001

Cited by 106 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…(2017), both at laboratory and field scale. These data confirmed the capacity of G. sulphuraria to grow in a broader range of initial environmental pHs, suggesting the potential savings in chemical costs associated with pH adjustment of real waste streams [24].…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

Prevalent pH Controls the Capacity of <em>Galdieria maxima</em> to Use Ammonia and Nitrate as a Nitrogen Source

Iovinella

Carbone

Cioppa

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Galdieria maxima is a polyextremophilic alga capable of diverse metabolic processes. Ammonia is widely used in culture media typical of laboratory growth. Recent reports that this species can grow on wastes promote the concept that G. maxima might have biotechnological utility. Accordingly, there is a need to know the range of pH levels that can support G. maxima growth in a given nitrogen source. Here, we examined the combined effect of pH and nitrate/ammonium source on the growth and long-term response of the photochemical process to a pH gradient in different G. maxima strains. All were able to use differing nitrogen sources, despite both the growth rate and photochemical activity were significantly affected by the combination with the pH. All strains acidified the NH4+-medium (pH<3); only G. maxima IPPAS P507 showed reduced capacity in lowering the pH from 6.5. pH was a limiting factor in nitrate uptake at pH≥6.5; noteworthy, at pH 5 on nitrate G. maxima ACUF551 showed a good growth performance, despite the alkalization of the medium.

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supporting

confidence: 67%

Prevalent pH Controls the Capacity of <em>Galdieria maxima</em> to Use Ammonia and Nitrate as a Nitrogen Source

Iovinella

Carbone

Cioppa

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…In general, potential mechanisms for the removal/inactivation of pathogen in microalgal cultures systems include (i) inactivation through solar irradiation (UV), (ii) drastic shift in pH, either due to the photosynthesis linked pH increase (> 9-9.5), or due to rapid acidification to pH of 1-2, as obtained when extremophiles such as Galdieria sp. are cultured in wastewaters (Henkanatte-Gedera et al, 2017), (iii) photosynthesis driven increases in dissolved oxygen concentrations in the cultivation media, and (iv) the production and excretion of antibacterial substances by algae (Heubeck et al, 2007;Posadas et al, 2015). In case of duckweeds, many of these pathogen removals methods are expected to be unpractical or less effective as the floating duckweed plants shade the cultivation media minimizing solar irradiation and, given that photosynthesis occurs above the water-air interface, also minimizes any drastic effect on the pH or dissolved oxygen of the media (pH 8-8.5) (Dewedar and Bahgat, 1995;McLay, 1976;Smith and Moelyowati, 2001;Xu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Contamination Potential Of Produced Biomass With Pathogens Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using agro-industrial wastes for the cultivation of microalgae and duckweeds: Contamination risks and biomass safety concerns

Μάρκου

Wang

et al. 2018

Biotechnology Advances

132

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Aquatic organisms, such as microalgae (Chlorella, Arthrospira (Spirulina), Tetrasselmis, Dunalliela etc.) and duckweed (Lemna spp., Wolffia spp. etc.) are a potential source for the production of protein-rich biomass and for numerous other high-value compounds (fatty acids, pigments, vitamins etc.). Their cultivation using agro-industrial wastes and wastewater (WaW) is of particular interest in the context of a circular economy, not only for recycling valuable nutrients but also for reducing the requirements for fresh water for the production of biomass. Recovery and recycling of nutrients is an unavoidable long-term approach for securing future food and feed production. Agro-industrial WaW are rich in nutrients and have been widely considered as a potential nutrient source for the cultivation of microalgae/duckweed. However, they commonly contain various hazardous contaminants, which could potentially taint the produced biomass, raising various concerns about the safety of their consumption. Herein, an overview of the most important contaminants, including heavy metals and metalloids, pathogens (bacteria, viruses, parasites etc.), and xenobiotics (hormones, antibiotics, parasiticides etc.) is given. It is concluded that pretreatment and processing of WaW is a requisite step for the removal of several contaminants. Among the various technologies, anaerobic digestion (AD) is widely used in practice and offers a technologically mature approach for WaW treatment. During AD, various organic and biological contaminants are significantly removed. Further removal of contaminants could be achieved by post-treatment and processing of digestates (solid/liquid separation, dilution etc.) to further decrease the concentration of contaminants. Moreover, during cultivation an additional removal may occur through various mechanisms, such as precipitation, degradation, and biotransformation. Since many jurisdictions regulate the presence of various contaminants in feed or food setting strict safety monitoring processes, it would be of particular interest to initiate a multi-disciplinary discussion whether agro-industrial WaW ought to be used to cultivate microalgae/duckweed for feed or food production and identify most feasible options for doing this safely. Based on the current body of knowledge it is estimated that AD and post-treatment of WaW can lower significantly the risks associated with heavy metals and pathogens, but it is yet unclear to what extent this is the case for certain persistent xenobiotics.

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“…Indeed, Galdieria has been the subject of different studies in algal biotechnology. It was used for wastewater treatment (Ju et al 2016;Henkanette-Gedera et al 2016;da Silva et al 2016;Carbone et al 2018;Galasso et al 2019;Alalwan et al 2019;Sosa-Hernández et al 2019 ) and for recovery of rare earth elements (Minoda et al 2015). Moreover, this organism produces high levels of phycobiliproteins that are used in diverse medical and cosmetic products (Schmidt et al 2005;Graverholt and Eriksen 2007;Sørensen et al 2013;Eriksen et al 2018) and in different compounds with antioxidant properties (Carfagna et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Galdieria Growth and Photosynthetic Activity in Different Culture Systems

Carbone

Olivieri

Pollio

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In the last years, the acidothermophilic red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria has been increasingly studied for industrial applications such as wastewater treatment, recovery of rare earth elements, production of phycobilins. However, even now it is not possible an industrial cultivation of this organism because biotechnological research on G. sulphuraria and allied species is relatively recent and fragmented. Having in mind a possible scale-up for commercial applications, we have compared the growth and photosynthetic performance of G. sulphuraria in four suspended systems (Inclined bubble column, Decanter Laboratory Flask, Tubular Bioreactor, Ultra-flat plate bioreactor) and one immobilized system (Twin Layer Sytem). The results showed that G. sulphuraria had the highest growth, productivity and photosynthetic performance, when grown on the immobilized system, which also offers some economics advantages.

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Removal of dissolved organic carbon and nutrients from urban wastewaters by Galdieria sulphuraria: Laboratory to field scale demonstration

Cited by 106 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalent pH Controls the Capacity of <em>Galdieria maxima</em> to Use Ammonia and Nitrate as a Nitrogen Source

Prevalent pH Controls the Capacity of <em>Galdieria maxima</em> to Use Ammonia and Nitrate as a Nitrogen Source

Using agro-industrial wastes for the cultivation of microalgae and duckweeds: Contamination risks and biomass safety concerns

Comparison of Galdieria Growth and Photosynthetic Activity in Different Culture Systems

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