Removal of Cu(II) ions using bio‐adsorbents in fixed—Bed continuous bed mode—A comparative study and scale‐up design

Abstract

The study presents the removal of Cu(II) ions using bio‐adsorbents. The applicability of the continuous column process using hyacinth root, rice husk, blackberry leaves, and guava leaves is reported in this study. The effects of solution pH were studied in batch mode, and other different process parameters such as bed depth, rate of flow, influent solution concentration were investigated and optimized in the continuous mode. The breakthrough curves were obtained for various initial metal concentrations (10, 20, and 30 mg.L−1), flow rates (10, 30, and 40 ml.min−1), and bed height (4, 6, and 10 cm). The optimum operating conditions were 10 cm bed depth, 10 ml.min−1 flow rate, 10 mg.L−1 influent concentration, and pH 6. The breakthrough time was increased with increasing bed height and decreasing flow rate and influent concentration. The Freundlich isotherm model was in good agreement (R2 = .9247–.9987) with the batch experimental data whereas, the continuous experimental data fitted well in the Thomas model to illustrate the best performance of the fixed‐bed process. FTIR spectra and SEM images verify the sorption capacity of the adsorbents. The Cu(II) adsorption capacities of the adsorbents were compared, and the hyacinth root gives the best result compare to the others. Hence, the results proved the effectiveness of the adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II) ions.

Biosorption of Cu(ii) Ions From Industrial Effluents by Rice Husk: Experiment, Statistical, and Ann Modeling

“…The highest bed depth (10 cm) was found as the optimum as higher removal was observed at bed depth 10 cm. The higher bed depth provides the more free adsorption sites, making more metal ions to adsorb the blank sites and making the more significant adsorption of metal ions (Mitra & Das, 2020). Figure 4 is the figure depicting the effect of bed depth on this study.…”

“…Still, an excessive amount can damage vital organs such as the nervous system, digestive system, excretory system, etc. (Mitra & Das, 2020). On the other hand, water is also required for living organisms.…”

Comparative study of biochar prepared from cow dung and sewage sludge and its application as an adsorbent for organic pollutants removal in water

“…Commercially available adsorbents such as granular activated carbon have been shown to be effective for wastewater treatment due to the microporous structure, which gives it a high adsorption capacity 8 . However, commercially available carbons are expensive, so the alternative is to explore the use of agricultural and industrial waste as low‐cost adsorbents 9 . A biochar, is a carbon‐rich by‐product by pyrolysis of biomass with interest at present, due to its role in carbon sequestration with a structure comparable to the porosity and the surface to the activated carbon of mineral origin 10 .…”

“…8 However, commercially available carbons are expensive, so the alternative is to explore the use of agricultural and industrial waste as low-cost adsorbents. 9 A biochar, is a carbon-rich by-product by pyrolysis of biomass with interest at present, due to its role in carbon sequestration with a structure comparable to the porosity and the surface to the activated carbon of mineral origin. 10 Low-cost adsorbents from natural sources are postulated as an innovation in the use of waste and a cost-effective alternative for their application in wastewater treatment.…”