Removal of caffeine and diclofenac on activated carbon in fixed bed column

Development and characterization of activated hydrochars from orange peels as potential adsorbents for emerging organic contaminants

“…Adsorption isotherms for DFS obtained for the thermally activated hydrochars were better described by the Freundlich model; nevertheless, low n F values obtained for the other samples also suggested heterogeneity of adsorption affinity. Estimated adsorption capacities for DFS obtained with HC-A and HC-PN were, respectively, two and three times higher than those reported for another biomass based AC (Jodeh et al, 2015) however lower than a commercial AC (Sotelo et al, 2012). HC-PN had the best performance in removing this drug likely because of the higher BET area (618 m 2 /g) and mesopore volume ($0.1 cm 3 /g) of this sample, allowing the aromatic molecule to have an easier access to the adsorption sites.…”

“…HC-C presented the lowest adsorption performance, probably due to steric hindrance, suggesting that the adsorption of DFS may be more related to textural properties and dispersion interactions between the drug molecule and the aromatic structure of the activated hydrochars. According to Sotelo et al (2012), the binding of DFS would involve parallel adsorption of the drug molecule onto the carbon surface and also non-electrostatic interactions, including hydrogen bonding, might also take part.…”

Adsorption of Caffeine and Ciprofloxacin onto Pyrolitically Derived Water Hyacinth Biochar: Isothermal, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

“…PhCs have been frequently detected in surface waters, treated WWs (wastewaters) and in drinking portable waters [2][3][4]. Their occurrence in water and exposure to non-target organisms has been associated with chronic toxicity, endocrine disruption, development of bacteria resistantstrains and congenital anomalies [5]. Conventional WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants) are not designed to effectively remove these pollutants.…”

Enhanced Removal of Golden XGL Dye by Clay Composites: Batch and Column Studies

“…Usually, the resulting breakthrough curves show a typical S-shaped profile; this behavior shows that it can be associated with the molecule of adsorbent [27]. Thus, characteristics and concentration gradient of the breakthrough curves vary significantly with respect to the bed height of the adsorbent, flow rate, and inlet dye concentration.…”

“…The increase in the mass of adsorbent also resulted in a broadened adsorption zone, and therefore a wider mass transfer zone. So the steepness of the breakthrough curves depends on bed height, which is due to the fact that the bed lengths tested are not high enough to ensure a fully developed profile, the so-called constant pattern behavior [27]. Adsorption columns were performed at different flow rates.…”