Removal of Benzene and Toluene from Synthetic Wastewater by Adsorption onto Magnetic Zeolitic Imidazole Framework Nanocomposites

Kyzas, George Z.; McKay, Gordon; Al-Musawi, Tariq J.; Salehi, Sabereh; Balarak, Davoud

doi:10.3390/nano12173049

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…According to the adsorption theory, the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity increase with the increase in temperature (from 20 °C to 60 °C). In accordance with the first law of thermodynamics, this phenomenon does not only suggest that the reaction of RhB dye adsorption on composites is endothermic (ΔH° ads > 0), but also explains why reactions occur more rapidly at higher temperatures [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Adsorptive Removal of Rhodamine B Dye Using Carbon Graphite/CNT Composites as Adsorbents: Kinetics, Isotherms and Thermodynamic Study

et al. 2023

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The study of the adsorption efficiency of new carbon/CNT composites was undertaken to remove a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from dye-contaminated wastewater. Indeed, we investigated the effect of different experimental parameters such as time, initial concentration of dye and temperature on the adsorption of RhB by the carbon composites (KS44-0 and KS44-20). The results showed that the adsorption uptake increased with the initial concentration and solution temperature while maintaining a relatively constant pH. The presence of the carbon nanotubes provided more active sites for dye removal and improved the adsorption behavior of Rhodamine B dye. The analysis of the experimental data was conducted using model equations, such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. As regards the Freundlich isotherm model, it was the best fit for the equilibrium data obtained from the experiments. The applicability of the pseudo-second-order equation could be explained assuming that the overall adsorption rate is limited by the rate of adsorbate transport that occurs on the pore surfaces of adsorbents. Furthermore, the intraparticle diffusion and Bangham models were used to investigate the diffusion mechanism of RhB absorption onto carbon composites. They showed that multiple adsorption stages occurred simultaneously via pore surface diffusion. Concerning the thermodynamic parameters (∆G°, ∆H°, and ∆S°), they were calculated and explained in the mean of the chemical structure of the adsorbate. Negative standard Gibbs free energy change values (ΔG°ads) at all temperatures suggested that the adsorption process was spontaneous, and the positive values of the standard enthalpy change of adsorption (∆H°ads) revealed the reaction to be endothermic. The values of standard enthalpy (ΔH°ads) and activation energy (Ea) indicated that the adsorption process corresponds to physical sorption. The mechanisms for the removal of Rhodamine B dye from wastewater using carbon composite were predicted. RhB is a planar molecule that is readily adsorbed, in which adsorbed molecules are bound by hydrophobic or other weak interactions due to the π-π interactions between the dyes’ aromatic backbones and the hexagonal skeleton of graphite and carbon nanotubes. Thus, the graphite carbon/carbon nanotube composite is believed to play a major role in organic pollutant reduction.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Adsorptive Removal of Rhodamine B Dye Using Carbon Graphite/CNT Composites as Adsorbents: Kinetics, Isotherms and Thermodynamic Study

et al. 2023

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“…The 100M_CNT-TMOS_10 has an adsorption capacity of 170 mg⋅g −1 , which shows a significant improvement if compared with the other hydrophobic aerogels. This

was also higher than the ones obtained with magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) nanocomposite (63.3 mg⋅g −1 ) [ 76 ], magnetic zeolitic imidazole framework nanocomposites (118.4 mg⋅g −1 ) [ 77 ] and HNO 3 -oxidized CNTs (160.8 mg⋅g −1 ) [ 66 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Carbon Nanostructures—Silica Aerogel Composites for Adsorption of Organic Pollutants

Lamy-Mendes

Lopes

Girão

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Silica aerogels are a class of materials that can be tailored in terms of their final properties and surface chemistry. They can be synthesized with specific features to be used as adsorbents, resulting in improved performance for wastewater pollutants’ removal. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of amino functionalization and the addition of carbon nanostructures to silica aerogels made from methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) on their removal capacities for various contaminants in aqueous solutions. The MTMS-based aerogels successfully removed various organic compounds and drugs, achieving adsorption capacities of 170 mg⋅g−1 for toluene and 200 mg⋅g−1 for xylene. For initial concentrations up to 50 mg⋅L−1, removals greater than 71% were obtained for amoxicillin, and superior to 96% for naproxen. The addition of a co-precursor containing amine groups and/or carbon nanomaterials was proven to be a valuable tool in the development of new adsorbents by altering the aerogels’ properties and enhancing their adsorption capacities. Therefore, this work demonstrates the potential of these materials as an alternative to industrial sorbents due to their high and fast removal efficiency, less than 60 min for the organic compounds, towards different types of pollutants.

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“…The Dubinin− Radushkevich (D−R) isotherm is useful for characterizing adsorption systems and determining the type of adsorption process based on the mean adsorption energy. 46 By fitting experimental data to the D−R isotherm model, important parameters such as q D and B D can be obtained, allowing for a better understanding of the adsorption behavior of lithium in the given system. It can be expressed as eq 13:…”

Section: Theoretical Models 321 Isotherm Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Extraction from an Aqueous Medium through In Situ Synthesis of Aluminum Hydroxide: A Comprehensive Study on Adsorption and Desorption Processes, Kinetics, Isotherm Models, and Thermodynamic Parameters

Akbari Ziarani,

Molaei Dehkordi

2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The increasing demand for lithium across various industries emphasizes the importance of lithium extraction methods. Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH) 3 ) has emerged as a promising option for extracting lithium from brines due to its selectivity, capacity, and straightforward synthesis process. This study introduces a novel Al(OH) 3 synthesis method using water decomposition by activated aluminum powders. In this regard, the influences of several key parameters, including the operating temperature, reaction time, Al-to-Li molar ratio in the solution, initial lithium concentration, and presence of coexisting ions (Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , and Na + ) in the lithium solution on the efficiency of lithium removal were investigated carefully. Under appropriate conditions (using Al-based materials composed of Al, CaO, and NaCl), with a reaction time of 48 h, a temperature of 40 °C, an Al-to-Li molar ratio of 4:1, and initial lithium and sodium concentrations of 1 and 20 g/L, respectively, the adsorption efficiency reaches an impressive 99.7%. Notably, the presence of sodium enhances the lithium removal efficiency, with an increase in sodium concentration from 1 to 5 g/L resulting in an improvement from 95.2 to 98.7%. Conversely, the impact of calcium on lithium adsorption is minimal, as an increase in its concentration from 1.0 to 20 g/L only slightly decreases the efficiency from 98.95 to 96.57%. In contrast, the presence of magnesium significantly reduces adsorption efficiency to 24.6% at 4 g/L. The study also investigated the desorption rate using three different leaching solutions (HCl, H 2 SO 4 , and H 3 PO 4 ) and found that chloric acid exhibits the highest desorption rate at 0.20 N (59.27%). Results were analyzed using various isotherm and kinetic models, with the most suitable models identified as the Dubinin−Radushkevich isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the reaction is exothermic, leading to increased randomness, and the adsorption process is primarily physical in nature.

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Removal of Benzene and Toluene from Synthetic Wastewater by Adsorption onto Magnetic Zeolitic Imidazole Framework Nanocomposites

Cited by 26 publications

References 68 publications

Adsorptive Removal of Rhodamine B Dye Using Carbon Graphite/CNT Composites as Adsorbents: Kinetics, Isotherms and Thermodynamic Study

Adsorptive Removal of Rhodamine B Dye Using Carbon Graphite/CNT Composites as Adsorbents: Kinetics, Isotherms and Thermodynamic Study

Carbon Nanostructures—Silica Aerogel Composites for Adsorption of Organic Pollutants

Lithium Extraction from an Aqueous Medium through In Situ Synthesis of Aluminum Hydroxide: A Comprehensive Study on Adsorption and Desorption Processes, Kinetics, Isotherm Models, and Thermodynamic Parameters

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