Removal of bacteriophage Escherica coli T1 by sand columns using Ca2+ as a filter aid

Jenkins, Stephen R.; Copperthite, Charlotte A.; Barton, James L.; Jordan, Clifford G.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(80)90207-9

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…Multivalent cations such as Ca2+ may complex with hydroxo sites of the protein surface of virus and form positive sites for adsorption to negative media (cation bridging) (Mix, 1974;Jenkins et al, 1980). Lipson and Stotzky (1983) found that the adsorption of reovirus 3 to montmorillonite depended on the type of cation in solution, with strength of adsorption varying according to: Al > Ca > Mg > Na > K They also point out (Lipson and Stotzky, 1987) that the surface pH of clay minerals is presumably 3 to 4 units lower than the bulk pH of the suspension.…”

Section: Factors In Virus Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus Transport and Survival in Saturated and Unsaturated Flow through Soil Columns

1990

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Water with entrained disease‐causing virus entering soil normally passes through water‐saturated and unsaturated regions before reaching the groundwater. The effects of saturated and unsaturated flow on the survival and transport of a virus, MS‐2 bacteriophage, were compared. The viruses were added to well water and applied to soil columns 0.052 m in diameter and 1.05 m long. The soil material was Vint loamy fine sand (a sandy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Torrifluvent) mixed with recent alluvium. Samples of the soil water were taken daily at 0.20, 0.40, and 0.80 m depths through porous stainless steel samplers and at 1.05 m from the percolate leaving the column. For saturated flow the virus concentrations reached the influent concentration in less than two pore volumes (PV). For unsaturated flow the concentrations remained at levels much lower than the influent, ranging from 27% of inflow at 0.20 m (18 PV) to 5% at 1.05 m (3.3 PV). At the end of the experiments soil samples from each depth were assayed to determine virus adsorption to the soil. The average distribution coefficient of the unsaturated columns, 0.27, indicates very little adsorption. The number balance showed that only 39% of the unsaturated flow virus were accounted for. It appears that under unsaturated flow conditions enhanced inactivation of this virus occurs.

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Section: Factors In Virus Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus Transport and Survival in Saturated and Unsaturated Flow through Soil Columns

1990

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Organic Contaminant Removal by Coagulation and Related Process Combinations

Randtke¹

1988

Journal AWWA

217

119

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This article synthesizes work done over the past few decades to better understand the removal of organic contaminants by the coagulation process, alone and in combination with other processes. Published data demonstrate that coagulation can substantially reduce the concentration of certain organic contaminants found in drinking water supplies, and that an understanding of the fundamental mechanisms by which coagulation removes organic contaminants facilitates qualitative prediction of the types of contaminants likely to be removed and the effects of process control variables. Data also demonstrate that removal of organic contaminants by coagulation can be influenced by other processes, such as preozonation, and that coagulation can influence the removal of organic contaminants by subsequent treatment processes, such as filtration and activated carbon adsorption.

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Literatur

Walter¹

2000

Umweltvirologie

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Removal of bacteriophage Escherica coli T1 by sand columns using Ca2+ as a filter aid

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Virus Transport and Survival in Saturated and Unsaturated Flow through Soil Columns

Virus Transport and Survival in Saturated and Unsaturated Flow through Soil Columns

Organic Contaminant Removal by Coagulation and Related Process Combinations

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