REMOVAL OF ANTI-PORCINE NATURAL ANTIBODIES FROM HUMAN AND NONHUMAN PRIMATE PLASMA IN VITRO AND IN VIVO BY A Gal??1-3Gal??1-4??Glc-X IMMUNOAFFINITY COLUMN

Xu, Yuanxin; Lorf, Thomas; Sablinski, Tomasz; Gianello, Pierre; Bailin, Michael T.; Monroy, Rod; Kozłowski, Tomasz; Awwad, Michel; Cooper, D. K. C.; Sachs, David H.

doi:10.1097/00007890-199801270-00005

Cited by 185 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…a P < 0.05, b P < 0.01. pigs is comparatively short (about 112-116 d), and breeding is easy; (3) Breeding of specific-pathogen-free animals is also possible, so zoonoses can be avoided [22,23] . However, the swine is immunologically different from humans and hyperacute rejection of porcine organs by human recipients is mediated via antibodies directed against Galα-1, 3-Gal on porcine cells, posing an immediate barrier to successful clinical xenotransplantation [24][25][26] . In addition, infection of the human host by porcine endogenous retroviruses poses a major problem [27] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic reconstruction from fetal porcine liver cells using a radial flow bioreactor

Ishii¹,

Saito²,

Marushima³

et al. 2008

WJG

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic reconstruction from fetal porcine liver cells using a radial flow bioreactor

Ishii¹,

Saito²,

Marushima³

et al. 2008

WJG

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“…Baboons were subjected to a right nephrectomy, but the ureter of a left kidney was kept patent to maintain renal function in case of failure of the thymokidney or graftectomy at later times. Monitoring of anti-␣Gal antibody levels in the recipient circulation was determined by ELISA (23,24).…”

Section: Transplantation and Immunosuppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gal type VI trisaccharide; AL Research Council, Edmonton, AL, Canada) over 3 d as described previously (22)(23)(24).…”

Section: Transplantation and Immunosuppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrombotic Microangiopathic Glomerulopathy in Human Decay Accelerating Factor–Transgenic Swine-to-Baboon Kidney Xenografts

Shimizu¹,

Yamada²,

Yamamoto³

et al. 2005

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Models of pig-to-baboon xenografting were examined to identify the mechanisms and pathologic characteristics of acute humoral xenograft rejection (AHXR). Thymus and kidney (composite thymokidney) from human decay accelerating factortransgenic swine were transplanted into baboons (n ‫؍‬ 16) that were treated with an immunosuppressive regimen that included extracorporeal immunoadsorption of anti-␣Gal antibody and inhibition of complement activation. Morphologic and immunohistochemical studies were performed on protocol biopsies and graftectomy samples. All renal xenografts avoided hyperacute rejection. However, graft rejection coincided with the increase of anti-␣Gal antibody in the recipient's circulation. The 16 xenografts studied were divided into two groups dependent on the rapid return (group 1) or gradual return (group 2) of anti-␣Gal antibody after immunoadsorption. In group 1 (n ‫؍‬ 6), grafts were rejected to day 27 with development of typical AHXR, characterized by marked interstitial hemorrhage and thrombotic microangiopathy in the renal vasculature. In group 2 (n ‫؍‬ 10), grafts also developed thrombotic microangiopathy affecting mainly the glomeruli by day 30 but also showed minimal evidence of interstitial injury and hemorrhage. In the injured glomeruli, IgM and C4d deposition, subsequent endothelial cell death and activation with upregulation of von Willebrand factor and tissue factor, and a decrease of CD39 expression developed with the formation of fibrin-platelet multiple microthrombi. In this model, the kidney xenografts, from human decay accelerating factor-transgenic swine, in baboons undergo AHXR. In slowly evolving AHXR, graft loss is associated with the development of thrombotic microangiopathic glomerulopathy. Also, anti-␣Gal IgM deposition and subsequent complement activation play an important role in the mechanism of glomerular endothelial injury and activation and the formation of multiple microthrombi.

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“…Subsequent studies demonstrated the direct association between in vivo neutralization of anti-Gal by -gal oligosaccharides and delay in hyperacute rejection (Simon et al, 1998), and the association between removal of anti-Gal by adsorption on affinity columns and delay in xenograft rejection Xu et al, 1998). These studies directly proved that the anti-Gal Ab is the Ab mediating hyperacute rejection of xenogafts in vivo.…”

Section: The Rejection Of Xenografts By the Anti-gal Abmentioning

confidence: 94%

Anti-Gal and Anti-Non Gal Antibody Barriers in Xenotransplantation

Galili¹

2012

Xenotransplantation

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REMOVAL OF ANTI-PORCINE NATURAL ANTIBODIES FROM HUMAN AND NONHUMAN PRIMATE PLASMA IN VITRO AND IN VIVO BY A Gal??1-3Gal??1-4??Glc-X IMMUNOAFFINITY COLUMN

Cited by 185 publications

References 16 publications

Hepatic reconstruction from fetal porcine liver cells using a radial flow bioreactor

Hepatic reconstruction from fetal porcine liver cells using a radial flow bioreactor

Thrombotic Microangiopathic Glomerulopathy in Human Decay Accelerating Factor–Transgenic Swine-to-Baboon Kidney Xenografts

Anti-Gal and Anti-Non Gal Antibody Barriers in Xenotransplantation

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