Removal of ampicillin sodium in solution using activated carbon adsorption integrated with H₂O₂ oxidation

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The removal of antibiotic ampicillin sodium using H 2 O 2 and modified granular activated carbon (GAC) is discussed. Two types of modified activated carbons were used in experiment to catalyze ·OH production from H 2 O 2 . One was modified with base (NaOH; called B-GAC), the other was modified with Fe(NO 3 ) 3 (Fe-GAC) and the nominal Fe metal loading was 5 wt%. In the experiment, pH, contact time, dosage of activated carbon and H 2 O 2 and initial concentration of ampicillin sodium were investigated to determine their influence on the removal efficiency. The stability of Fe-GAC was also evaluated.

The removal of chlorophenols from aqueous solutions using activated carbon adsorption integrated with H2O2 oxidation

“…For the molar ratios of 1, 10, 50 and 100, 3-CP removal after 6 h was 84, 91, 78 and 76 %, and the k 2 values were as follows: 2.430, 3.275, 1.522 and 1.223 g mmol -1 h -1 . These results agree with the earlier studies, which reported that an excessive concentration of hydrogen peroxide decreases the degradation efficiency of the organic compounds including ampicillin [17] and paraquat [14] by AC/H 2 O 2 . It may be due to the fact that some of the organic compounds and oxidation by-products were quickly removed by the adsorption and did not react with the H 2 O 2 , so they did not consume H 2 O 2 .…”

“…It may be due to the fact that some of the organic compounds and oxidation by-products were quickly removed by the adsorption and did not react with the H 2 O 2 , so they did not consume H 2 O 2 . Also, the more resistant by-products generated during the oxidation process could only be removed by the activated carbon, and as a result, a further increase of the H 2 O 2 concentration did not improve the removal efficiency [17]. Dhaouadi and Adhoum [14] reported that the decrease in the oxidation efficiency observed at high H 2 O 2 dosages may be due to its scavenging effect towards the hydroxyl radicals according to the following reactions:…”

“…In recent years, several authors reported that H 2 O 2 in the presence of activated carbon could oxidize some pollutants such as methyl tert-butyl ether [10], trichloroethene [10], fulvic acids [11], dyes [12,13], paraquat [14], cyanide [15], ethylene glycol [16], ampicillin [17] and chlorophenols [10,[18][19][20].…”

Hierarchically-organized, well-dispersed hydroxyapatite-coated magnetic carbon with combined organics and inorganics removal properties

“…Previous investigations of ampicillin sorption on activated carbons have suggested that the surface interactions were mainly of electrostatic nature [29]. Most carbons have points of zero charge (PZC) of ca.…”

The usage of different forms of ferrate (VI) ion for amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin removal: density functional theory based modelling of redox decomposition

“…Pharmaceutical treatment technologies including ozonation, photo‐catalytic degradation and other advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been investigated by many researchers . Recently ferrate (VI) has been studied comprehensively, as it could be an alternative to the other AOPs for the removal of pharmaceutical residuals .…”