Removal of ammonia from landfill leachate by struvite precipitation with the use of low-cost phosphate and magnesium sources

Ammonium Removal from Landfill Leachate by Means of Multiple Recycling of Struvite Residues Obtained through Acid Decomposition

“…The leachates generated as result of water infiltration and decomposition of organic matter in landfills of urban wastes are wastewaters with one of the highest polluting potentials [1][2][3][4][5]. Their uncontrolled disposal can produce severe deterioration of quality of soil and water bodies [4].…”

“…Their uncontrolled disposal can produce severe deterioration of quality of soil and water bodies [4]. The characteristics of these wastewaters depend mainly on the type of landfill site and the kind and degradation degree of wastes.…”

“…In this regard, the precipitation of ammonium as struvite is a promising approach, due to its high process efficiency and the ease of management [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Struvite crystals are composed of Mg +2 , NH 4 + , and PO 4 3− in equimolar amounts (MgNH 4 PO 4 ·6H 2 O) [16,17]. The formation of magnesium ammonium phosphate occurs…”

Nitrogen and Biomass Recovery from Low Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio Wastewater by Combing Air Stripping and Microalgae Cultivation

“…Thus, the nutrients concentration must be controlled at a proper level for microalgae growth. Common methods used for ammonia nitrogen removal include physiochemical processes such as dilution [8], air stripping [9], struvite precipitation [10] and chlorination, membrane filtration [11,12] along with biological methods such as nitrification and denitrification [13]. Air stripping has successfully been used to remove nitrogen from various wastewaters, such as dairy manure [9] and landfill lechate [10].…”

“…Common methods used for ammonia nitrogen removal include physiochemical processes such as dilution [8], air stripping [9], struvite precipitation [10] and chlorination, membrane filtration [11,12] along with biological methods such as nitrification and denitrification [13]. Air stripping has successfully been used to remove nitrogen from various wastewaters, such as dairy manure [9] and landfill lechate [10]. Air stripping of the anaerobic-digested stream in a biogas plant is more feasible than other technologies for nitrogen removal because of its low economic investment, the availability of heat from biogas utilization, and the basic pH of an anaerobic-digested stream [9,14].…”