Removal of ammonia by high-frequency ultrasound wave (1.7 MHz) combined with TiO₂photocatalyst under UV radiation

Enhancement of Wastewater Treatment Using Mist and Photocatalyst

“…To further improve pollutant removal, the mist can be utilized to enhance light irradiation by reducing light shielding due to the photocatalyst. For example, some previous studies have investigated sonophotocatalysis with mist using potassium iodide [20] and ammonia [21]. The mist can also be used to degrade volatile organic compounds (e.g., toluene, styrene) in the gas phase [22,23].…”

“…The observed synergistic effect may involve both the bulk liquid and the mist phase as reaction fields. The synergy of US and UV irradiation with the presence of TiO 2 in the bulk liquid may result from deagglomeration of the TiO 2 particles [32], removal of pollutants adsorbed on the TiO 2 catalyst surface [33], or acoustic streaming [21]. Additionally, free radicals are generated by acoustic cavitation.…”

Sonochemical degradation of pesticides in aqueous solution: investigation on the influence of operating parameters and degradation pathway – a systematic review

“…Meanwhile, with increasing in initial concentration of pesticide, a partial pressure increase on the cavitations bubbles and leads to diminish the transient high temperature inside the cavitation bubble. 64,69 Thus, the degradation efficiency of pesticide is decreased as the initial concentration of pesticide increases. It is recommended to optimize the initial concentration of pesticide based on the laboratoryscale studies as the optimum value will be dependent on the pesticide composition.…”

“…Titanium dioxide is the most widely accepted photocatalyst for such treatments owing to some of its unique advantages including low cost, commercial availability, stability, harmlessness, non-toxic and high efficiency. 69,92,93 Compared to individual processes, sonophotocatalysis provides numerous advantages such as improvement penetrating ability of light, enhancement of aggregation of catalyst particles, keeping particle in oating condition and acceleration of the splitting of H 2 O 2 to form more HOc and HO 2 free radicals. In addition, ultrasound irradiation increases the catalyst surface due to reducing particle size and continuously cleans the photocatalyst surface during the operation.…”