Removal of Algae and Algal Toxins from a Drinking Water Source Using a Two-Stage Polymeric Ultrafiltration Membrane Process
Fan Zhang,
Jianglei Xiong,
Cong Zhang
et al.
Abstract:The release of algal toxins in algae-containing water sources poses a serious threat to drinking water safety and human health. The conventional water treatment processes of water plants have a limited ability to remove algae and algal toxins, especially algal toxins with a molecular weight (MW) of less than 1000 Da. To eliminate algal pollution from a water source, a two-stage ultrafiltration (UF) process with a large polysulfone hollow fiber membrane with a MW cut-off of 200 kDa and a small aromatic polyamid… Show more
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