Removal and Emission Characteristics of Condensable Particulate Matter in an Ultralow Emission Power Plant

Zheng, Chenghang; Hong, Yipan; Liu, Shaojun; Yang, Zhengda; Chang, Qianyun; Zhang, Yongxin; Gao, Xiang

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b02464

Cited by 70 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In terms of CPM, nonfilterable particles exist in the vapor phase before being discharged from stack and condense to fine particulate substances (aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) after cooling in the plume. ,− In fact, total particulate matter (TPM) emissions should be the sum of FPM and CPM. Several previous studies stated that CPM emissions represented the predominant contributors to TPM emissions based on field tests; − final TPM emissions will be severely underestimated if CPM is not considered. Corio and Sherwell pointed out that the proportion of CPM in PM 10 emitted from coal-fired boilers was 76%, and the results conducted by Zheng et al showed that CPM accounted for 76.73% in TPM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several previous studies stated that CPM emissions represented the predominant contributors to TPM emissions based on field tests; − final TPM emissions will be severely underestimated if CPM is not considered. Corio and Sherwell pointed out that the proportion of CPM in PM 10 emitted from coal-fired boilers was 76%, and the results conducted by Zheng et al showed that CPM accounted for 76.73% in TPM. Li et al investigated the physical and chemical characteristics of CPM from a 1030 MW ULE CFPPs in China without analyzing and comparing the chemical compositions in FPM simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Negligible Stack Emissions of Noncriteria Air Pollutants from Coal-Fired Power Plants in China: Condensable Particulate Matter and Sulfur Trioxide

Bai

Liu

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In this study, we investigated the emission characteristics of condensable particulate matter (CPM) and sulfur trioxide (SO3) simultaneously through ammonia-based/limestone-based wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) from four typical coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) by conducting field measurements. Stack emissions of filterable particulate matter (FPM) all meet the Chinese ultralow emission (ULE) standards, whereas CPM concentrations are prominent (even exceed 10 mg/Nm3 from two CFPPs). We find that NH4 + and Cl– increase markedly through the ammonia-based WFGD, and SO4 2– is generally the main ionic component, both in CPM and FPM. Notably, the occurrence of elemental Se in FPM and CPM is significantly affected by WFGD. Furthermore, the established chemical profiles in FPM and CPM show a distinct discrepancy. In CPM, the elemental S mainly exists as a sulfate, and the metallic elements of Na, K, Mg, and Ca mainly exist as ionic species. Our results may indicate that not all SO3 are included in CPM and they co-exist in stack plume. With the substantial reduction of sulfur dioxide (SO2), S distributed in SO3, CPM, and FPM becomes non-negligible. Finally, the emission factors of CPM and SO3 under typical ULE technical routes fall in the ranges of 74.33–167.83 and 48.76–86.30 g/(t of coal) accordingly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Negligible Stack Emissions of Noncriteria Air Pollutants from Coal-Fired Power Plants in China: Condensable Particulate Matter and Sulfur Trioxide

Bai

Liu

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Thus, the method of using scattering ripples width to determine particle size for nonspherical is not adaptable and needs further improvement for the fade of ripples. Fortunately, it is still a simple method to obtain the size of spherical particles based on their distinct ripples, which can be applied in the measurement of the particulate matter after dust removal devices, which is mostly spherical for its formation mechanism of volatilization/ condensation [5,24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air pollution has become one of the most serious environmental issues in China, especially particulate matter pollution. The particulate matter emitted by coal-fired power plants is one of the main pollution sources [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Currently, with the increasingly rigorous emission standards [7], the accuracy of real-time measurement of particulate matter mass concentrations should be improved urgently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Angular Light Scattering Measurement of Particulate Matter Mass Concentration for Homogeneous Spherical Particles

Chen

Liu

Han

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Under the condition of ultra-low emission for power plants, the particulate matter concentration is significantly lower than that of typical power plants a decade ago, which posed new challenges for the particulate matter monitoring of stationary emission. The monitoring of particulate matter mass concentration based on ensemble light scattering has been found affected by particle size. Thus, this study develops a method of using the scattering angular distribution to obtain the real-time particle size, and then correct the particulate matter concentration with the real-time measured particle size. In this study, a real-time aerosol concentration and particle size measurement setup is constructed with a fixed detector at the forward direction and a rotating detector. The mass concentration is measured by the fixed detector, and the particle size is measured from the intensity ratio of the two detectors. The simulations show that the particle size has power law functionality with the angular spacing of the ripple structure according to Mie theory. Four quartz aerosols with different particle size are tested during the experiment, and the particle size measured from the ripple width is compared with the mass median size measured by an electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI). Both techniques have the same measurement tendency, and the measurement deviation by the ripple width method compared with ELPI is less than 15%. Finally, the measurement error of the real-time mass concentration is reduced from 38% to 18% with correction of the simultaneously measured particle size when particle size has changed.

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“…3 al., 2018a; Yang et al, 2019;Zheng et al, 2018). For example, the concentrations of CPM are 1.03 to 2.87 times higher than that of FPM2.5 for coal-fired power plants (Li et al, 2017;Yang et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Bias in the Measurement of Condensable Particulate Matter with Method 202

Huang

Lin

et al. 2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In the present study, positive and negative biases when measuring condensable particulate matter (CPM) was measured according to US EPA Method 202. Four factors were considered to measure and improve CPM overestimation: SO2 absorption, the volume of condensate, oxygen content, and residence time. Negative biases were evaluated using weight loss caused by static electricity, vapor pressure of the particles, rinsing volume, beaker size, and filter paper holder. Finally, a forced ventilation chamber was designed to reduce the drying time of the organic sample. The results revealed that artifacts produced by SO2 could not be eliminated. The homemade condensate-divert impinger did not reduce the amount of artifacts because the oxidation of SO2 already occurred when it came into contact with water while passing through the Graham condenser. The residence time, volume of condensate, and oxygen content can all increase CPM overestimation. Therefore, field sampling should be performed as quickly as possible. Furthermore, electrostatic neutralization of the beaker should be performed before weighing it. Because of the high volatility of the material with high vapor pressure, nitrogen purging may reduce the particle mass with high vapor pressure. Furthermore, when the CPM sample was transferred from the beaker to the tin, a smaller beaker size led to lower residual mass. A 4% particle loss was measured according to the leakage of particles between the filter paper

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Removal and Emission Characteristics of Condensable Particulate Matter in an Ultralow Emission Power Plant

Cited by 70 publications

References 27 publications

Non-Negligible Stack Emissions of Noncriteria Air Pollutants from Coal-Fired Power Plants in China: Condensable Particulate Matter and Sulfur Trioxide

Non-Negligible Stack Emissions of Noncriteria Air Pollutants from Coal-Fired Power Plants in China: Condensable Particulate Matter and Sulfur Trioxide

A New Angular Light Scattering Measurement of Particulate Matter Mass Concentration for Homogeneous Spherical Particles

Evaluation of Bias in the Measurement of Condensable Particulate Matter with Method 202

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