Remotely‐sensed chl <i>a</i> at the Chesapeake Bay mouth is correlated with annual freshwater flow to Chesapeake Bay

Acker, James G.; Harding, Lawrence W.; Leptoukh, G.; Zhu, Tong; Shen, Suhung

doi:10.1029/2004gl021852

Cited by 61 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The GBM river system in the Indian Subconti nent discharges ~628 km 3 /year of freshwater into the Bay of Bengal, 18 the third largest freshwater flow in the world behind the Amazon and the Congo. Increases in phytoplankton through freshwater nutrient discharge have been observed in the Amazon River 19 Chesapeake Bay, 20 and the Delaware, 21 Po, 22 Orinoco, 23 and Mississippi rivers, 24 implying that high discharge brings nutrients with it, that further aid in phytoplankton blooming. However, the effect of river discharge on the relationship between SST and satellite-derived phytoplankton abundance, through chlorophyll estimates, remains unexplored.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming Oceans, Phytoplankton, and River Discharge: Implications for Cholera Outbreaks

Jutla

Akanda²,

Griffiths³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Phytoplankton abundance is inversely related to sea surface temperature (SST). However, a positive relationship is observed between SST and phytoplankton abundance in coastal waters of Bay of Bengal. This has led to an assertion that in a warming climate, rise in SST may increase phytoplankton blooms and, therefore, cholera outbreaks. Here, we explain why a positive SST-phytoplankton relationship exists in the Bay of Bengal and the implications of such a relationship on cholera dynamics. We found clear evidence of two independent physical drivers for phytoplankton abundance. The first one is the widely accepted phytoplankton blooming produced by the upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich deep ocean waters. The second, which explains the Bay of Bengal findings, is coastal phytoplankton blooming during high river discharges with terrestrial nutrients. Causal mechanisms should be understood when associating SST with phytoplankton and subsequent cholera outbreaks in regions where freshwater discharge are a predominant mechanism for phytoplankton production.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming Oceans, Phytoplankton, and River Discharge: Implications for Cholera Outbreaks

Jutla

Akanda²,

Griffiths³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Interannual variation in flow is driven by regional and global climatic cycles (Malone et al 1986, Kemp & Boynton 1992, Malone 1992, Kemp et al 1997, Acker et al 2005. The annual timeline of events related to phytoplankton blooms and hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay shows that the greatest accumulation of phytoplankton occurs during the spring bloom (Fig.…”

Section: Cause and Cure For Bloomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limits to top-down control of phytoplankton by oysters in Chesapeake Bay

Pomeroy¹,

D’Elia²,

Schaffner³

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Restoration of the oyster Crassostrea virginica population in Chesapeake Bay is often advocated as an easy solution for controlling phytoplankton blooms. Even at their pre-colonial densities, oysters are unlikely to have controlled blooms, despite the fact that sediment cores suggest that pre-colonial spring blooms were smaller than at present. Lack of access to all bay water and low springtime filtration rates would make it impossible for oysters to control the spring bloom and the resulting summer hypoxia. Previous studies have overestimated potential oyster filtration rates, because they extrapolated summer rates to spring conditions that are 20°C cooler. Previous studies have also assumed that oysters have access to all phytoplankton, without considering the spatial separation. In Chesapeake Bay, oysters and the spring bloom are separated horizontally owing to the size of the bay and its small tidal amplitude. Indeed, a multi-species guild of suspension feeders now present in the bay should have a filtration capacity approaching that of pre-colonial oysters, but it does not control the bloom. Actual oyster filtration potential must be lower than many advocates of oyster restoration assume, and replenishing the bay with oysters is not the means of controlling blooms and hypoxia. KEY WORDS: Chesapeake Bay · Hypoxia · Oysters · EutrophicationResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…Remote sensing has been used to map a wide array of coastal water's constituents, such as phytoplankton for biomass and primary production [1][2][3][4], coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) for its effect on benthic habitats [5][6][7], and total suspended sediments (TSS) concentration as a measure of water quality [8][9][10][11][12]. Many studies have been performed to derive TSS concentration via satellite remote sensing using different platforms: Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) [13,14], Landsat series [15][16][17][18][19][20], Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) [21][22][23][24][25][26], Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [9,11,25,[27][28][29][30], "Système Pour l'Observation de la Terre" (SPOT) [31], and high resolution sensor IKONOS [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Semi-Analytic Model for Estimating Total Suspended Sediment Concentration in Turbid Coastal Waters of Northern Western Australia Using MODIS-Aqua 250 m Data

2016

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Abstract:Knowledge of the concentration of total suspended sediment (TSS) in coastal waters is of significance to marine environmental monitoring agencies to determine the turbidity of water that serve as a proxy to estimate the availability of light at depth for benthic habitats. TSS models applicable to data collected by satellite sensors can be used to determine TSS with reasonable accuracy and of adequate spatial and temporal resolution to be of use for coastal water quality monitoring. Thus, a study is presented here where we develop a semi-analytic sediment model (SASM) applicable to any sensor with red and near infrared (NIR) bands. The calibration and validation of the SASM using bootstrap and cross-validation methods showed that the SASM applied to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-Aqua band 1 data retrieved TSS with a root mean square error (RMSE) and mean averaged relative error (MARE) of 5.75 mg/L and 33.33% respectively. The application of the SASM over our study region using MODIS-Aqua band 1 data showed that the SASM can be used to monitor the on-going, post and pre-dredging activities and identify daily TSS anomalies that are caused by natural and anthropogenic processes in coastal waters of northern Western Australia.

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Remotely‐sensed chl a at the Chesapeake Bay mouth is correlated with annual freshwater flow to Chesapeake Bay

Cited by 61 publications

References 12 publications

Warming Oceans, Phytoplankton, and River Discharge: Implications for Cholera Outbreaks

Warming Oceans, Phytoplankton, and River Discharge: Implications for Cholera Outbreaks

Limits to top-down control of phytoplankton by oysters in Chesapeake Bay

A Semi-Analytic Model for Estimating Total Suspended Sediment Concentration in Turbid Coastal Waters of Northern Western Australia Using MODIS-Aqua 250 m Data

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