Remotely Delivered Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Disturbed Grief During the COVID-19 Crisis: Challenges and Opportunities

Boelen, Paul A.; Eisma, Maarten C.; Smid, Geert E.; Keijser, Jos de; Lenferink, Lonneke

doi:10.1080/15325024.2020.1793547

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…), including anger, shame, fear, depression, loneliness (Ahmadi & Ramezani, 2020). Increases in mental difficulties/disorders associated with bereavement have also been predicted and many anticipate increases in Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD; e.g., Boelen et al., 2020; Eisma et al., 2020; Gesi et al. 2020; Goveas & Shear, 2020; Johns et al., 2020; Kokou-Kpolou et al., 2020; Masiero et al., 2020; Mortazavi et al., 2020; Wallace et al., 2020; Zhai & Du, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bereavement in Times of COVID-19: A Review and Theoretical Framework

2020

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A review of the literature on adaptation to bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic was conducted to assess the current state of knowledge. Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies published during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 outbreak. 44 articles were included in the review. Narrative synthesis showed that knowledge was largely based on expert assessments of prior bereavement research and professional experience; there is so far absence of empirical evidence linking features of COVID-19 bereavement situations to health outcomes. Severe negative consequences have been consistently predicted by authors. There is still relatively little consideration of positive or compensatory processes or the possibility that these could alleviate the effect of the shocking, traumatic circumstances. With two notable exceptions, there has been lack of attention to the role of theoretical models for guiding research and practice. A theoretical perspective (the Dual Process Model, DPM) was applied to the information derived from the available articles. Two features of the DPM framework illustrated its relevance: 1. It enables systematic assessment of the range of loss- and restoration-related challenges for the bereaved; 2. It speaks for extension of psychotherapeutic intervention to manage secondary, restoration- as well as primary, loss-oriented stressors; studies have demonstrated that this may increase the effectiveness of intervention. Directions for future research and DPM application are suggested.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigation has extended to descriptions of support and intervention programs for grief (complications). Boelen et al. (2020) describe a remote cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) intervention delivery; Harrop et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bereavement in Times of COVID-19: A Review and Theoretical Framework

2020

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“…This will enable the identification of groups that are most at risk for disturbed grief reactions following this life-event, which may be offered indicated remotely delivered treatment. 6 Whereas research on this topic is still limited, both objective lossrelated characteristics (i.e., relationship with the deceased) and subjective loss experiences (i.e., expectedness of the death) related to mental health outcomes in prior studies on COVID-19 related bereavement. 4,5 However, comprehensive, multivariate analyses of the relations of potential risk factors with such mental health problems are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Mental Health After COVID-19 Bereavement in Mainland China

Tang

Chen

et al. 2021

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

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Context. Pioneering empirical studies show that people bereaved due to COVID-19 experience elevated acute grief, posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depressive symptom levels, which relate to functional impairment. However, studies focused on Western samples and multivariate analyses of relations between potential risk factors and mental health in this population are lacking.Objectives. To assess the mental health of Chinese adults bereaved due to COVID-19. To elucidate the associations of demographic and loss-related characteristics with mental health after COVID-19 bereavement.Methods. Four hundred twenty-two Chinese adults (56% male; Mean age: 32.73 years) recently bereaved due to COVID-19 completed an online survey. Demographic and loss-related characteristics and prolonged grief, posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were assessed.Results. Clinically relevant prolonged grief (49%, n = 207), posttraumatic stress (22%, n = 92), depressive (70%; n = 294), and anxiety symptoms (65%; n = 272) were reported by a substantial group of participants. In four multiple regressions predicting each mental health indicator, Fs(15,406) = 5.08−7.74, Ps < 0.001, loss-characteristics (i.e., a shorter time since loss, bs = -.12−.11, loss of a first-degree relative, bs = .18-.37) and subjective loss experiences (i.e., feeling traumatized by the loss, bs = .13-.18, or a close and/or conflictual relation with the deceased, bs = .12-.23) related most consistently to mental health problems.Conclusion. Many Chinese adults bereaved due to COVID-19 experience severe mental health problems. The recent loss of first-degree relatives, feeling traumatized by the loss, and having a close and/or conflictual relationship with the deceased may elevate risk for these mental health problems, which could require indicated psychological treatment. J

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“…These include complicated grief treatment (40) and its Japanese version, along with group cognitive behavioral therapy for the bereaved with the distress of grief less severe than complicated grief (41). Since face-to-face therapy is limited during the COVID-19 pandemic, to provide such services, it would be necessary to devise programs including web-based grief treatment and videoconferencing psychotherapy (42,43). We provide a modified treatment program for patients in whom face-to-face treatment at an institution had to be interrupted as a preventive measure against COVID-19.…”

Section: Response To Bereavement Due To Covid-19 In Japan: Lessons Learned From Past Major Disastersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Grief of Bereaved Families During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan

et al. 2021

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This commentary discussed the psychological issues related to bereavement in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, we addressed two aspects in the context of Japanese culture. The first relates to the psychological distress of members of the bereaved family who could not visit their loved ones who had COVID-19 before or after their death. The second relates to the bereavement experience of those who were unable to be with their loved ones when the end came, even though they did not have COVID-19, because of restrictions on visiting hospitals. We seek to focus on the need for a support system for bereaved families to help them through the grieving process, and discuss end-of-life care in such circumstances, and in the post-COVID-19 era, as in current day Japan.

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Remotely Delivered Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Disturbed Grief During the COVID-19 Crisis: Challenges and Opportunities

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Bereavement in Times of COVID-19: A Review and Theoretical Framework

Bereavement in Times of COVID-19: A Review and Theoretical Framework

Correlates of Mental Health After COVID-19 Bereavement in Mainland China

Managing Grief of Bereaved Families During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan

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