Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System for Fault Segments Mapping a Study from Taiz Area, Yemen

Abstract

GIS and remote sensing data for allowing detection of structural features, such as faults, offer opportunities for improving mapping and identifying the areas that are likely to be locations of faulting areas. Landsat ETM-7 satellite data images were used and band-5 was found as the most suitable band for lineament delineation, based on the ability to identify geological features. Four contributing factors, namely, drainage patterns, faults (previously mapped), lineaments, and lithological contacts layers, were parameters used in this study to produce a fault potential prediction map using the overlay model techniques. The potential map (fault susceptibility map) classifies the study area into five potential zones, namely, very low, low, moderate, high, and very high potential. The areas covered by moderate to the highest potential zones were considered as fault segments (fault lines) in the area. The comparison of the potential map and the published fault map by using GIS matching techniques shows that 75 fault segments (fault lines) in the potential map were not properly identified in the study area. The correlation between fault segments and faults data collected from field work stations shows that there were 39 fault segments which may represent new faults in the area being identified. The presence of these faults is not known from the literature; this leads to updating and revising of existing geological map of the study area.

Application of Landsat-8 and ALOS-2 data for structural and landslide hazard mapping in Kelantan, Malaysia

“…Tjia and Harun (1985) analyzed regional structures of Peninsular Malaysia and reported that many lineaments are very well displayed in areas underlain by granite, whereas in other areas they are poorly shown. Moreover, Akhir (2004) identified that high lineament concentrations in the Upper Perak Valley, Perak state, Peninsular Malaysia are closely related to higher terrain which is formed by more-resistant rocks such as granite and sandstone, whereas low lineament concentrations are associated with lower terrain which is mainly formed by less-resistant rock types such as shale and slate. As well, volcanic rocks in the Upper Perak Valley encompass a low lineament concentration (Akhir, 2004).…”

“…Therefore, delineation of faults and fractures using advanced remote sensing technology in any region is a necessity to assess the potential for many natural geological hazards. Numerous investigations have used faults, drainage patterns and lithology factors as important factors to measure and map the susceptibility of geological hazard (Guzzetti et al, 1999;Dai and Lee, 2002;Suzen and Doyuran, 2004;Abdullah et al, 2013).…”

3D Computer-Assisted Geological Mapping: Testing WinGeol's FaultTrace for semi-automatic structural geological assessment

“…The primary mapping procedure is a further development of 2D lineament mapping, as this method is still widely used [e.g., Abdullah et al, 2013;Akram et al, 2019;Alshayef et al, 2017; Elhag and Alshamsi, 2019] and a well-accepted standard in structural geology. After importing a high-resolution DEM and -if available -additional satellite imagery, visually identified lineaments [O'Leary et al, 1976] are traced manually as ES1007 domej and faber: 3d computer-assisted geological mapping ES1007 polylines connecting multiple points.…”

A comparison of Landsat 8 (OLI) and Landsat 7 (ETM+) in mapping geology and visualising lineaments: A case study of central region Kenya

“…Application of filters (directional, laplacian, sobel, prewitt kernels) on particular bands or RGB combinations have been explored (e.g. Abdullah et al, 2013;Argialas et al, 2003;Kavak, 2005;Suzen and Toprak, 1998). Hung et al, (2005) compared Landsat ETM+ and ASTER in the quality of the extracted lineaments and concluded that the higher the spatial resolution the higher the quality the lineament map.…”