Remote Pulsed Raman Spectroscopy of Inorganic and Organic Materials to a Radial Distance of 100 Meters

Sharma, Shiv K.; Misra, A. K.; Lucey, P. G.; Angel, S. M.; McKay, Christopher P.

doi:10.1366/000370206778062110

Cited by 69 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…6). 3,[6][7][8][9]22,29,36,40,45 Raman spectroscopy has the capability to determine the temperature and pressure of formation and to differentiate between living organic material and non-living remains, such as fossils. 40 In 2005, Stopar et al studied numerous mineral samples at a standoff distance of 10 meters and determined Raman scattering intensities for each.…”

Section: Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Raman Spectroscopy for Planetary Exploration: A Review

et al. 2012

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In this review, we discuss the current state of standoff Raman spectroscopy as it applies to remote planetary applications, including standoff instrumentation, the technique's ability to identify biologically and geologically important analytes, and the feasibility to make standoff Raman measurements under various planetary conditions. This is not intended to be an exhaustive review of standoff Raman and many excellent papers are not mentioned. Rather it is intended to give the reader a quick review of the types of standoff Raman systems that are being developed and that might be suitable for astrospectroscopy, a look at specific analytes that are of interest for planetary applications, planetary measurement opportunities and challenges that need to be solved, and a brief discussion of the feasibility of making surface and plume planetary Raman measurements from an orbiting spacecraft.

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Section: Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Raman Spectroscopy for Planetary Exploration: A Review

et al. 2012

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“…Therefore, precise time-gating of the detection system is critical in capturing a maximum number of Raman photons and minimum background light energy. The directly coupled and portable remote pulsed Raman system used in the current investigations is described in detail elsewhere [4][5][6][7], and a schematic diagram of the system is shown in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Time-resolved Remote Raman Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remote Raman systems developed at the University of Hawaii have been tested from 9 m to >100 m distance [e.g., Refs. [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Two of the most important advantages of time-resolved (TR) RS have over other techniques for a mission to Venus is its rapid mineralogical analysis of both hydrous and anhydrous minerals and stand-off analysis at distances of many meters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Raman spectroscopy of minerals at elevated temperature relevant to Venus exploration

Sharma¹,

Misra

Singh

2008

SPIE Proceedings

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We have used a remote time-resolved telescopic Raman system equipped with 532 nm pulsed laser excitation and a gated intensified CCD (ICCD) detector for measuring Raman spectra of a number of minerals at high temperature to 970 K. Remote Raman measurements were made with samples at 9-meter in side a high-temperature furnace by gating the ICCD detector with 2 micro-sec gate to minimize interference from blackbody emission from mineral surfaces at high temperature as well as interference from ambient light. A comparison of Raman spectra of gypsum (CaSO 4 .2H 2 O), dolomite (CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 ), and olivine (Mg 2 Fe 2-x SiO 4 ), as a function of temperature shows that the Raman lines remains sharp and well defined even in the high-temperature spectra. In the case of gypsum, Raman spectral fingerprints of CaSO 4 .H 2 O at 518 K were observed due to dehydration of gypsum. In the case of dolomite, partial mineral dissociation was observed at 973 K at ambient pressure indicating that some of the dolomite might survive on Venus surface that is at ~750 K and 92 atmospheric pressure. Time-resolved Raman spectra of low clino-enstatite (MgSiO 3 ) measured at 75 mm from the sample in side the high-temperature furnace also show that the Raman lines remains sharp and well defined in the high temperature spectra. These high-temperature remote Raman spectra of minerals show that time-resolved Raman spectroscopy can be used as a potential tool for exploring Venus surface mineralogy at shorter (75 mm) and long (9 m) distances from the samples both during daytime and nighttime. The remote Raman system could also be used for measuring profiles of molecular species in the dense Venus atmosphere during descent as well as on the surface.

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“…[1][2] For many applications such as planetary surface analysis and homeland security, a portable Raman system is essential, because analyses of samples usually need to be performed on the spot. [3][4][5][6][7] Both in situ Raman spectroscopy and remote Raman spectroscopy have been extensively studied for a wide range of applications. However, a remote system was chosen for its several additional benefits to planetary surface analysis and homeland security applications, as compared to an in situ system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and build a compact Raman sensor for identification of chemical composition

et al. 2008

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A compact remote Raman sensor system was developed at NASA Langley Research Center. This sensor is an improvement over the previously reported system, which consisted of a 532 nm pulsed laser, a 4-inch telescope, a spectrograph, and an intensified CCD camera. One of the attractive features of the previous system was its portability, thereby making it suitable for applications such as planetary surface explorations, homeland security and defense applications where a compact portable instrument is important. The new system was made more compact by replacing bulky components with smaller and lighter components. The new compact system uses a smaller spectrograph measuring 9 × 4 × 4 in. and a smaller intensified CCD camera measuring 5 in. long and 2 in. in diameter. The previous system was used to obtain the Raman spectra of several materials that are important to defense and security applications. Furthermore, the new compact Raman sensor system is used to obtain the Raman spectra of a diverse set of materials to demonstrate the sensor system's potential use in the identification of unknown materials.

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Remote Pulsed Raman Spectroscopy of Inorganic and Organic Materials to a Radial Distance of 100 Meters

Cited by 69 publications

References 18 publications

Remote Raman Spectroscopy for Planetary Exploration: A Review

Remote Raman Spectroscopy for Planetary Exploration: A Review

Remote Raman spectroscopy of minerals at elevated temperature relevant to Venus exploration

Design and build a compact Raman sensor for identification of chemical composition

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