Remote optical detection of biomass burning using a potassium emission signature

Vodacek, Anthony; Kremens, Robert L.; Fordham, Andy; VanGorden, Stefanie; Luisi, Domenico; Schott, John R.; Latham, Don

doi:10.1080/01431160110109633

Cited by 64 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Increased COS (20-50%) in the tropical tropopause layer (the main entry region to the stratosphere), along with a substantial increase in other tracers of biomass burning (BB), including CO, HCN, CH 3 Cl, NO x , NO y in 1996 and 1999-2000, has been observed (20). Potassium (K), a tracer of BB, can serve in certain circumstances as a tracer of forest fires (21,22), and ice-core data have revealed increased K concentration after intensive biomass burning events from 1750 to 1980 (23). There are no global measurements of trace gases available from 1998 to 1999 BB events.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Large sulfur-isotope anomaly in nonvolcanic sulfate aerosol and its implications for the Archean atmosphere

Shaheen

Abaunza

Jackson

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Significance The highest S-isotope anomaly is observed in a nonvolcanic period, and the magnitude of anomaly is similar to the largest volcanic eruptions of the 20th century. S-quadruple isotope data provided the first evidence of how super El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events (1997–1998) have affected the transport and transformation of aerosols to the stratosphere; thus, record of paleo-ENSO events of this magnitude can be traced with the S-isotopic anomaly. High-resolution and high-precision S-isotopic fingerprinting also revealed that the tropospheric sulfate produced during fossil-fuel and biomass burning contributes to the stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer, a contribution previously unrecognized. The distribution of sulfur anomalies mimics the Archean isotope record, which is used to track the origin and evolution of oxygen on earth.

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Large sulfur-isotope anomaly in nonvolcanic sulfate aerosol and its implications for the Archean atmosphere

Shaheen

Abaunza

Jackson

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…At normal forest fire temperatures, Vodacek et al [13] have estimated that about 10% -20% of K in vegetation is ionized. The thermal ionization process is a dominant electron-producing mechanism in flames seeded with alkalis [12].…”

Section: Ionisation In the Firementioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption of Microwaves in Low Intensity Eucalyptus Litter Fire

Letsholathebe¹,

Mphale²

2015

JEMAA

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A fuel bed was constructed where various vegetation species could be used as combustion fuel. The fuel bed was equipped with a thermocouple to measure fire temperature and a two-port automatic network analyser to measure microwave scattering parameters in flame medium. The parameters are then used to determine microwave propagation characteristics in fire. The measurements have implications on radio wave communication during wildfire suppression and in remote sensing. The attenuation data also provide an estimation of vegetation fire ionisation and conductivity. Eucalyptus litter fire with a maximum flame temperature of 976 K was set on the fuel bed and X-band microwaves (7.00 -9.50 GHz) were caused to propagate through the flame. Attenuation of 0.35 -0.90 dB was measured for microwaves in the frequency range. For the low intensity fire, conductivity was measured to range from 0.00021 -0.00055 mho/m and electron density was to be the range of 1.83 -2.24 × 10 15 m −3 .

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“…Airborne near and thermal infrared images can be processed to show the presence of fire quite reliably [21,22]. The challenges in assimilation of images include the large number of pixels, matching geographical coordinates of the pixels to the coordinates in the model, and recognizing that the errors are correlated because different cameras may be used to image the scene.…”

Section: Assimilation Of Airborne Images and Sensor Streamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Dynamic Data Driven Application System for Wildfire Simulation

Mandel

Bennethum

Chen

et al. 2005

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract.We report on an ongoing effort to build a Dynamic Data Driven Application System (DDDAS) for short-range forecast of wildfire behavior from real-time weather data, images, and sensor streams. The system should change the forecast when new data is received. The basic approach is to encapsulate the model code and use an ensemble Kalman filter in time-space. Several variants of the ensemble Kalman filter are presented, for out-of-sequence data assimilation, hidden model states, and highly nonlinear problems. Parallel implementation and web-based visualization are also discussed.

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Remote optical detection of biomass burning using a potassium emission signature

Cited by 64 publications

References 12 publications

Large sulfur-isotope anomaly in nonvolcanic sulfate aerosol and its implications for the Archean atmosphere

Large sulfur-isotope anomaly in nonvolcanic sulfate aerosol and its implications for the Archean atmosphere

Absorption of Microwaves in Low Intensity Eucalyptus Litter Fire

Towards a Dynamic Data Driven Application System for Wildfire Simulation

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