“Remote adipose tissue-derived stromal cells of patients with lung adenocarcinoma generate a similar malignant microenvironment of the lung stromal counterpart”

Abstract

Cancer alters both local and distant tissue by influencing the microenvironment. In this regard, the interplay with the stromal fraction is considered critical as this latter can either foster or hamper the progression of the disease. Accordingly, the modality by which tumor may alter distant niches of stromal cells is still unclear, expecially at early stages. In this short report we attempt to better understand the biology of this cross talk. In our autologous stromal experimental setting, we found that remote adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mediastinal AMSC) obtained from patients with lung adenocarcinoma sustain proliferation and clonogenic ability of A549 and human primary lung adenocarcinoma cells similarly to the autologous stromal lung counterpart (LMSC). This effect is not observed in lung benign diseases as the hamartochondroma. This finding was validated by conditioning benign AMSC with supernatants from LAC up to 21 days. The new reconditioned media of the stromal fraction so obtained, was able to increase cell proliferation of A549 cells at 14 and 21 days similarly to that derived from AMSC of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The secretome generated by remote AMSC revealed overlapping to the corresponding malignant microenvironment of the autologous local LMSC. Among the plethora of 80 soluble factors analysed by arrays, a small pool of 5 upregulated molecules including IL1-beta;, IL-3, MCP-1, TNF-alpha and EGF, was commonly shared by both malignant-like autologous A- and LMSC derived microenvironments vs those benign. The bioinformatic analysis both revealed that these proteins were strictly and functionally interconnected to the lung fibrosis and proinflammation and that miR-126, 101, 486 and let-7-g were their main targets. Accordingly, we found that in lung cancer tissues and blood samples from the same set of patients here employed, miR-126 and miR-486 displayed the highest expression levels in tissue and blood, respectively.

Remote Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma Generate a Similar Malignant Microenvironment of the Lung Stromal Counterpart

“…Assuming that the pathophysiology of cancer can be interpreted as a systemic disease, in this short report we attempt to investigate whether MSC-derived microenvironments at a remote site from a tumor can be already altered at the early stages of lung adenocarcinoma [ 27 ].…”

Biomimetic Keratin-Coated Gold Nanoparticles for Photo-Thermal Therapy in a 3D Bioprinted Glioblastoma Tumor Model

“…However, to test the synergistic effect of PTT-assisted multitherapy according to the heterogeneity and biological complexity of primary tumors, integrated 3D in vitro models are necessary, as the 2D cultures do not reproduce the complex microenvironment and mechanical features of cancer faithfully [ 15 ]. More importantly, results obtained by combining 2D cancer models and NPs have been revealed to be not very useful for in vivo applications, because of the complexity of the tumor microenvironment [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”