Remission of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia After Smallpox Vaccination

Hansen, Richard M.; Libnoch, Joseph A.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1978.03630320073024

Cited by 46 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…4; Table 1). Similar responses occurred following vaccination of cancer patients, including a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who underwent a durable complete response following systemic vaccinia virus dissemination from a dermal vaccination site (5). Measles vaccination caused responses in two patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma (6,7).…”

Section: Cancer Remissions Induced By Viral Infection or Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 79%

Systemic Efficacy with Oncolytic Virus Therapeutics: Clinical Proof-of-Concept and Future Directions

2007

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Oncolytic viruses that can destroy cancer cells have been engineered in a variety of ways with the aim of improving their selectivity and efficacy. Here, we review data from clinical investigations of these virotherapeutic agents, specifically those that have shown systemic efficacy: vaccinia, measles, mumps, viruses, Newcastle disease virus, and reovirus. Further directions for optimizing i.v. delivery and efficacy are discussed. [Cancer Res 2007;67(2):429-32]

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Section: Cancer Remissions Induced By Viral Infection or Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 79%

Systemic Efficacy with Oncolytic Virus Therapeutics: Clinical Proof-of-Concept and Future Directions

2007

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“…These reports described rare but dramatic responses in cancer patients recovering from viral syndromes. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Based on these observations, viruses with low pathogenicity (minimal toxicity to normal tissue) and high oncolytic capacity (toxic to cancer cells) were selected for initial clinical investigation. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Studies in the 1950s with Egypt 101 virus revealed anticancer activity in the form of transient tumor necrosis in patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncolytic viral therapies

2004

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Molecular research has vastly advanced our understanding of the mechanism of cancer growth and spread. Targeted approaches utilizing molecular science have yielded provocative results in the treatment of cancer. Oncolytic viruses genetically programmed to replicate within cancer cells and directly induce toxic effect via cell lysis or apoptosis are currently being explored in the clinic. Safety has been confirmed and despite variable efficacy results several dramatic responses have been observed with some oncolytic viruses. This review summarizes results of clinical trials with oncolytic viruses in cancer.

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“…21 Genetically attenuated bacteria and viruses have also been explored for cancer treatment directly or as vehicles of cancer immunotherapy or vaccination. [22][23][24] Indeed, regression of hematopoietic malignancies have been observed after viral infection or vaccination, 25,26 suggesting that a foreign invader may trigger systemic anticancer effects. Nevertheless, the treatment regimen for most virus-or bacteria-based immunotherapies is usually local or locoregional application without pre-immunization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redirecting adaptive immunity against foreign antigens to tumors for cancer therapy

Davis

Zhu

et al. 2007

Cancer Biology & Therapy

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Immunotherapy for cancer is often limited by weak immunogenicity of tumor antigens. However, immune systems are usually strong and effective against foreign invading antigens. To test whether the destructive effect of adaptive immunity against foreign antigens can be redirected to tumors for cancer therapy, we immunized mice with adenovector expressing LacZ (Ad/CMV-LacZ). Subcutaneous syngeneic tumors were then established in the immunized animals or in naïve animals. The immune response against adenovirus or LacZ was redirected to tumors by intratumoral injection of Ad/CMV-LacZ. We found that immunization and treatment with the adenovector dramatically reduced the tumor growth rate compared with intratumoral administration of adenovector in naïve mice. Complete tumor regression was observed in about 50% of the immunized animals but not in the naïve animals. Similar effects were observed when oncolytic vaccinia virus was used to immunize and treat tumors. Lymphocyte infiltration in tumors was dramatically increased in the immunized group when compared with other groups. Moreover, immunity against parental tumor cells was induced in the animals cured with immunization and treatment with Ad/CMV-LacZ, as evidenced by the lack of tumor growth when the mice were challenged with parental tumor cells. Taken together, these results suggest that redirecting adaptive immunity against foreign antigens is a potential approach for anticancer therapy and that pre-existing immunity could enhance virotherapy against cancers.

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Remission of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia After Smallpox Vaccination

Cited by 46 publications

References 10 publications

Systemic Efficacy with Oncolytic Virus Therapeutics: Clinical Proof-of-Concept and Future Directions

Systemic Efficacy with Oncolytic Virus Therapeutics: Clinical Proof-of-Concept and Future Directions

Oncolytic viral therapies

Redirecting adaptive immunity against foreign antigens to tumors for cancer therapy

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