“…About half of neurogenic FAS patients have an additional nonfluent aphasia, and others may have dysarthria or apraxia of speech (32, 40, 41). Neurogenic FAS can result from small focal lesions resulting from left hemisphere strokes and tumors, TBI, migraine, multiple sclerosis, primary progressive aphasia (42), post-excision of a left posterior fronto-opercular arteriovenous malformation (43), some posterior fossa lesions (44), and other acquired CNS lesions (1, 31). Most lesions involve the left inferior frontal gyri (Broca’s area; adjacent premotor cortex), left frontal operculum, left anterior insula, associated basal ganglia regions, and sometimes the cerebellar systems (may be cerebellum or in brainstem), and the white matter pathways linking these regions (30, 31, 33, 35).…”