Remediation of antibiotic wastewater by coupled photocatalytic and persulfate oxidation system: A critical review

Sources of antibiotics pollutants in the aquatic environment under SARS-CoV-2 pandemic situation

“…Another technology group is the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) which includes mentioned technologies Ozone-based AOPs, UV-based AOPs, Physical AOPs and new promising technologies like Catalytic AOPs, Electrochemical AOPs. Within the Catalytic technologies it was found that the fenton, photo-fenton, photocatalysis and persulfate activation are some of the most promising technologies applied to eliminate the antibiotics in wastewater due to its high reactivity with most of the antibiotics [ 57 ]. In particular, the photocatalysis/persulfate-oxidation hybrid or PPOH can be classified in photo-assisted persulfate activation (PPA), persulfate-assisted photocatalysis (PAP) and oncurrent photocatalysis-persulfate activation (CPPA) systems.…”

“…In particular, the photocatalysis/persulfate-oxidation hybrid or PPOH can be classified in photo-assisted persulfate activation (PPA), persulfate-assisted photocatalysis (PAP) and oncurrent photocatalysis-persulfate activation (CPPA) systems. Advantages from this technology are high performance of mineralization of antibiotics, and PAP can be considered a greener process [ 57 ].…”

Preparation of Mn2O3/MIL-100(Fe) composite and its mechanism for enhancing the photocatalytic removal of rhodamine B in water

“…Persulfate-based photocatalysis has attracted much research attention since sulfate radical (SO 4 c À ) has advantages over hydroxyl radical in the degradation of organics in water such as faster reaction rate (10 6 -10 9 M À1 s À1 ), higher oxidation potential (2.5-3.1 V), longer lifetime (30-40 ms as compared to 1 ms of HOc), broader pH range, wider application, and higher degradation efficiency. 13,14 Sulfate radical can be generated by activation of persulfate via traditional methods such as using UV, heat, ultrasonication, transition metals, and photocatalysts. 15,16 Among them, the activation of persulfate by photocatalysis is usually considered as a green and promising route due to its low energy consumption, high recyclability, and lower photoexcited electron-hole recombination.…”

Hydrothermal synthesis of magnetic nano-CoFe2O4 catalyst and its enhanced degradation of amoxicillin by activated permonosulfate

“…Amoxicillin (AMX), a β-lactam antibiotic, has become one of the ten antibiotics with the largest consumption due to its wide range of uses, strong acid resistance and good medical effects (Marco et al 2014;Xin et al 2020). In fact, most antibiotics could not be metabolized in humans and animals (Chen et al 2021), about 80%-90% entered the environment through excretion (Bergamonti et al 2019). Traditional sewage treatment was not effective in removing antibiotics (Manaia et al 2018).…”