Remarks on nuclear matter: how an $ω_0$ condensate can spike the speed of sound, and a model of $Z(3)$ baryons

Pisarski, Robert D.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2101.05813

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…In an effective model, spatially inhomogeneous states arise when the spectra of the σ and pions have a "moat", where the minimum of the energy lies over a sphere of nonzero radius in momentum. If there are Goldstone bosons present, this generates a quantum pion liquid (QπL) [10][11][12][13]. In contrast to a critical endpoint, a moat spectrum can arise in a large region of the phase diagram, as in QCD [14] and in 1+1 dimensional models [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introduction -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Signatures of Moat Regimes in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Pisarski

Rennecke

2021

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Heavy-ion collisions at small beam energies have the potential to reveal the rich phase structure of QCD at nonzero temperature and density. Among the possible phases are regimes which feature periodic modulations of the spatial structure, where the energy spectrum is shaped like a moat, with the minimum of the energy over a sphere at nonzero momentum. We argue that if the matter created in heavy-ion collisions traverses such a regime, it can produce a characteristic momentum dependence of particle number and their correlations. As an explicit example, we consider a quantum pion liquid phase to compute these quantities on the freeze-out surface. These results can serve as a first guideline for a systematic search of spatially modulated phases in heavy-ion collisions.

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Section: Introduction -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Signatures of Moat Regimes in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Pisarski

Rennecke

2021

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…In Ref. [57], this spike was attributed to the enhancement and then suppression of the ω 0 condensate in the low and high density region. We suppose that this behavior of ω 0 condensate can be naturally explained using the scale-chiral effective theory beyond the leading order scale symmetry in which not only the ω meson mass but also the ω-N -N coupling scales with density [58].…”

Section: Quark-hadron Continuitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The spike structure could very well be an artifact of the sharp connection made at the boundary. It may also be the different behaviour of the ω 0 condensation at the low and high densities [57]. What is however physical is the rapid increase of the sound speed at the transition point signaling the changeover of the degrees of freedom.…”

Section: B the Pseudo-conformal Model Of Dense Nuclear Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Topology change, emergent symmetries and compact star matter

Ma,

Rho

2021

Preprint

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Topology effects have being extensively studied and confirmed in strongly correlated condensed matter physics. In the large color number limit of QCD, baryons can be regarded as topological objects-skyrmions-and the baryonic matter can be regarded as a skyrmion matter. We review in this paper the generalized effective field theory for dense compact-star matter constructed with the robust inputs obtained from the skyrmion approach to dense nuclear matter, relying to possible "emergent" scale and local flavor symmetries at high density. All nuclear matter properties from the saturation density n0 up to several times n0 can be fairly well described. A uniquely noveland unorthdox-feature of this theory is the precocious appearance of the pseudo-conformal sound velocity v 2 s /c 2 ≈ 1/3, with the non-vanishing trace of the energy momentum tensor of the system. The topology change encoded in the density scaling of low energy constants is interpreted as the quark-hadron continuity in the sense of Cheshire Cat Principle (CCP) at density ∼ > 2n0 in accessing massive compact stars. We confront the approach with the data from GW170817 and GW190425.

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“…In fact, at high temperatures and zero baryon chemical potential holographic [56][57][58] and lattice QCD calculations [59,60] do find that c 2 s ≤ 1/3. Nonetheless, speeds of sound above the conformal result can be found in QCD at large isospin density [61], in two-color QCD [62], in holographic approaches [63][64][65][66], in resummed perturbation theory [67,68], in quarkyonic matter [69][70][71][72][73] and in models of high-density QCD [74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88]. At any rate, it is remarkable that questions regarding the maximum speed of sound allowed in nature might be answered, in the near future, by astrophysical observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on the peak in the speed of sound of ultradense matter

Hippert,

Fraga,

Noronha

2021

Preprint

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Remarks on nuclear matter: how an $ω_0$ condensate can spike the speed of sound, and a model of $Z(3)$ baryons

Cited by 6 publications

References 130 publications

Signatures of Moat Regimes in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Signatures of Moat Regimes in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Topology change, emergent symmetries and compact star matter

Insights on the peak in the speed of sound of ultradense matter

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