Remarkable life history polymorphism may be evolving under divergent selection in the silverleaf sunflower

Moyers, Brook T.; Rieseberg, Loren H.

doi:10.1111/mec.13723

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Although we did not formally measure biomass production, the lower number 511 of tillers and higher amount and size of grains in the highlands when compared with 512 the lowlands may reflect trade-offs between allocation to grain production and 513 24 vegetative growth [84]. Because grains fell at maturity and a single teosinte individual 514 produces hundreds of ears, we were unable to provide a proxy for total grain 515 production.…”

Section: Syndrome Of Adaptation To Altitude 439mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparisons of the quantitative genetic divergence of a trait (Q st ) with the neutral genetic differentiation (F st ) can provide hints on whether trait divergence is driven by spatially-divergent selection [17][18][19][20]. Application of these approaches reveals striking examples of divergent selection for developmental rate in the common toad [21], for drought and frost tolerance in alpine populations of the European 90 silver fir [22], and for traits related to plant phenology, size and floral display among populations of Helianthus species [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Striking examples of divergent selection include 64 e.g. developmental rate in the common toad [21], drought and frost tolerance in alpine 65 populations of the European silver fir [22], and traits related to plant phenology, size 66 and floral display among populations of Helianthus species [23,24]. 67The genes mediating local adaptation are usually revealed by genomic regions 68 harboring population-specific signatures of selection.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genomic footprints of local adaptation along elevation gradients associate with present phenotypic variation in teosintes

Fustier

Ainsworth

Venon

et al. 2019

Preprint

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2In plants, local adaptation across species range is frequent. Yet, much has to 3 be discovered on its environmental drivers, the underlying functional traits and their 4 molecular determinants. Genome scans are popular to uncover outlier loci potentially 5 involved in the genetic architecture of local adaptation, however links between 6 outliers and phenotypic variation are rarely addressed. Here we focused on adaptation 7 of teosinte populations along two elevation gradients in Mexico that display 8 continuous environmental changes at a short geographical scale. We used two 9 common gardens, and phenotyped 18 traits in 1664 plants from 11 populations of 10 annual teosintes. In parallel, we genotyped these plants for 38 microsatellite markers 11 as well as for 171 outlier single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that displayed 12 excess of allele differentiation between pairs of lowland and highland populations 13 and/or correlation with environmental variables. Our results revealed that phenotypic 14 differentiation at 10 out of the 18 traits was driven by local selection. Trait covariation 15 along the elevation gradient indicated that adaptation to altitude results from the 16 assembly of multiple co-adapted traits into a complex syndrome: as elevation 17 increases, plants flower earlier, produce less tillers, display lower stomata density and 18 carry larger, longer and heavier grains. The proportion of outlier SNPs associating 19 with phenotypic variation, however, largely depended on whether we considered a 20 neutral structure with 5 genetic groups (73.7%) or 11 populations (13.5%), indicating 21 that population stratification greatly affected our results. Finally, chromosomal 22 inversions were enriched for both SNPs whose allele frequencies shifted along 23 elevation as well as phenotypically-associated SNPs. Altogether, our results are 24 consistent with the establishment of an altitudinal syndrome promoted by local 25 selective forces in teosinte populations in spite of detectable gene flow. Because 26 elevation mimics climate change through space, SNPs that we found underlying 27 phenotypic variation at adaptive traits may be relevant for future maize breeding. 28 29 Author summary 33 Across their native range species encounter a diversity of habitats promoting local 34 adaptation of geographically distributed populations. While local adaptation is 35widespread, much has yet to be discovered about the conditions of its emergence, the 36 targeted traits, their molecular determinants and the underlying ecological drivers. 37Here we employed a reverse ecology approach, combining phenotypes and genotypes, 38 to mine the determinants of local adaptation of teosinte populations distributed along 39 two steep altitudinal gradients in Mexico. Evaluation of 11 populations in two 40 common gardens located at mid-elevation pointed to adaptation via an altitudinal 41 multivariate syndrome, in spite of gene flow. We scanned genomes to identify loci 42 with allele frequencies shifts along elevation, a subset of whic...

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Section: Syndrome Of Adaptation To Altitude 439mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic footprints of local adaptation along elevation gradients associate with present phenotypic variation in teosintes

Fustier

Ainsworth

Venon

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Comparisons of the quantitative genetic divergence of a trait (Q ST ) with the neutral genetic differentiation (F ST ) can provide hints on whether trait divergence is driven by spatially-divergent selection [17][18][19][20]. Striking examples of divergent selection include developmental rate in the common toad [21], drought and frost tolerance in alpine populations of the European silver fir [22], and traits related to plant phenology, size and floral display among populations of Helianthus species [23,24]. These studies have reported covariation of physiological, morphological and/or life-history traits across environmental gradients which collectively define adaptive syndromes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common gardens in teosintes reveal the establishment of a syndrome of adaptation to altitude

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In plants, local adaptation across species range is frequent. Yet, much has to be discovered on its environmental drivers, the underlying functional traits and their molecular determinants. Genome scans are popular to uncover outlier loci potentially involved in the genetic architecture of local adaptation, however links between outliers and phenotypic variation are rarely addressed. Here we focused on adaptation of teosinte populations along two elevation gradients in Mexico that display continuous environmental changes at a short geographical scale. We used two common gardens, and phenotyped 18 traits in 1664 plants from 11 populations of annual teosintes. In parallel, we genotyped these plants for 38 microsatellite markers as well as for 171 outlier single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that displayed excess of allele differentiation between pairs of lowland and highland populations and/or correlation with environmental variables. Our results revealed that phenotypic differentiation at 10 out of the 18 traits was driven by local selection. Trait covariation along the elevation gradient indicated that adaptation to altitude results from the assembly of multiple co-adapted traits into a complex syndrome: as elevation increases, plants flower earlier, produce less tillers, display lower stomata density and carry larger, longer and heavier grains. The proportion of outlier SNPs associating with phenotypic variation, however, largely depended on whether we considered a neutral structure with 5 genetic groups (73.7%) or 11 populations (13.5%), indicating that population stratification greatly affected our results. Finally, chromosomal inversions were enriched for both SNPs whose allele

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“…Indeed, this method allows one to compare the level of phenotypic differentiation (Q st ) to the genetic differentiation (F st ) expected under the neutral model of population divergence. In plants, this has been used to investigate the role of selection at the origin of between-populations phenotypic differences related to resource-use traits (Brouillette et al 2014), drought resistance (Ramírez-Valiente et al 2018), life history traits (Moyers and Rieseberg 2016), and functional adaptation to an elevation gradient (Luo et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate as a driver of adaptive variations in ecological strategies inArabidopsis thaliana

Vasseur

Sartori

Baron

et al. 2018

Preprint

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4Background and aims. The 'CSR classification' categorizes plant species between stress-tolerators 1 5 (S), ruderals (R) and competitors (C). Initially proposed as a general framework to describe 1 6 ecological strategies at the interspecific level, this scheme has recently been used to investigate the 1 7 variation of strategies within species. For instance, ample variation along the S-R axis was found in 1 8Arabidopsis thaliana, with stress-tolerator accessions predominating in hot and dry regions. 1 9 3 1Conclusions. There is a latitudinal gradient of ecological strategies in A. thaliana as a result of 3 2 within-species adaptation to climate. Our study also underlines the importance of growth conditions 3 3 and of the methodology used for trait measurement, notably age versus stage measurement, to infer 3 4 the strength and direction of trait-environment relationships. Taken together, this highlights the 3 5 potential and limitations of the CSR classification to explain functional adaptation to the 3 6 environment.3 7

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Remarkable life history polymorphism may be evolving under divergent selection in the silverleaf sunflower

Cited by 20 publications

References 77 publications

Genomic footprints of local adaptation along elevation gradients associate with present phenotypic variation in teosintes

Genomic footprints of local adaptation along elevation gradients associate with present phenotypic variation in teosintes

Common gardens in teosintes reveal the establishment of a syndrome of adaptation to altitude

Climate as a driver of adaptive variations in ecological strategies inArabidopsis thaliana

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