Religious toleration in the United Provinces: from ‘case’ to ‘model’

Frijhoff, Willem

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511496769.003

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In short, Puritanism represented an English-American equivalent or designation of conservative, disciplinary (Gorski 2003), and notably evangelical (Heller 1986) and theocratic (Frijhoff 2002) French-European Calvinism. At this point, detect the irony that none than France should provide, via the "French connection" of strict Calvinism, America's religious genesis, basis, and self-identity, or what Tocqueville called its Puritan and thus Calvinist "destiny"!…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Merton Theorem Revisited and Restated: Conservatism and Fascism as Functional Analogues

Zafirovski

2010

Am Soc

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Merton Theorem Revisited and Restated: Conservatism and Fascism as Functional Analogues

Zafirovski

2010

Am Soc

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“…This it was hoped would provide opportunities to rebuild relationships with England that had become strained since the interregnum. Although being the only other European Protestant republic [5], the Dutch were no supporters of the English Commonwealth (Hsia, 2002, p. 5; Frijhoff, 2002, p. 31). Attempts by the Lord Protector, Oliver Cromwell to create an agreement with the Republic, had been rebuffed on the basis that it could impact upon trade (especially with Spain) and relegate the States to a subservient position in any subsequent alliance (Rommelse, 2010, p. 596).…”

Section: The Historical Context: Charles Stuart and The Dutch Giftmentioning

confidence: 99%

The art of propaganda: marketing nationhood through visual imagery

Freathy

Thomas

2022

JHRM

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Purpose During the 17th century, the Dutch Republic sought to project a positive global image centred around the principles of economic endeavour, moral stewardship and military resilience. By illustrating one way in which the country sought to communicate its international position, the paper aims to provide an early example of political diplomacy and reputation management. Design/methodology/approach Pictorial narratives provide an important but often underutilised insight into our cultural, social and economic history. As works of art were considered legitimate and authoritative forms of communication, their importance can lie beyond any aesthetic accomplishment. Using established iconographic techniques, this paper deconstructs and interprets the meaning contained within a specific genre painting, The Young Mother (1658) by Gerrit Dou. Findings Rather than being devoid of meaning, The Young Mother represents a narrative purposely constructed to symbolise the cultural, religious and economic character of the United Provinces. It celebrates success through global trade, innovation and enterprise while simultaneously reminding audiences of the country’s moral and spiritual foundations. Like the patriotic allegory of De Hollandse Maag protecting the sacred space of the hortus conclusus, the painting is a secular representation of the new Loca Sancta. Originality/value While acknowledging that The Young Mother has been praised for its visual qualities, this paper maintains that any broader political significance has been largely overlooked. The analysis and findings therefore offer original interpretations from which new conclusions are drawn.

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“…Nor did she share the vision often attributed to Orange and his close associates, which surfaces in the conviction among some historians that "a new state [was] emerg[ing]" in the late 1570s, "in coexistence, and as if in interaction, with a complex and fiercely defended religious diversity." 45 To the end of that decade--and probably to William's assassination in 1584, Elizabeth saw things differently; so she put off the Spanish, propped up the Dutch--to a point--and kept wars from her shores.…”

Section: Conflict and Coalitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Queen Elizabeth’s Leadership Abroad: The Netherlands in the 1570s

Kaufman¹

2013

Leadership and Elizabethan Culture

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In 1576, after Edmund Grindal, archbishop of Canterbury, presumed to lecture Queen Elizabeth on the importance of preaching and on her duty to listen to such lectures, his influence diminished precipitously, and leadership of the established English church fell to Bishop Aylmer. Grindal's friends on the queen's Privy Council, "forward" Calvinists (or ultra-Protestants), were powerless to save him from the consequences of his indiscretion, which damaged the ultras' other initiatives' chances of success. This paper concerns one of those initiatives. From the late 1560s, they urged their queen "actively" to intervene in the Dutch wars. They collaborated with Calvinists on the Continent who befriended Prince William of Orange and who hoped to help him hold together a coalition of religiously reformed and Roman Catholic insurgents in the seventeen provinces of the Low Countries. The English ultra-Protestants would have their government send money, munitions, and men in arms to the Netherlands, to tip the balance against viceroys sent by King Philip II of Spain. Grindal's setback undermined the English Calvinists' efforts to form an Anglo-Dutch alliance which, they assumed, would boost the prospects for an international Protestant league. 1 Yet Elizabeth did assist the Dutch as they wrestled with decisions forced on them by developments in the Netherlands during the 1570s, and she did so more consistently and more cleverly than many historians of Tudor diplomacy have thought. Two competing assessments determine the way questions are formulated in the study of the queen's and regime's Dutch diplomacy. The general consensus is that she was indecisive and

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Religious toleration in the United Provinces: from ‘case’ to ‘model’

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

The Merton Theorem Revisited and Restated: Conservatism and Fascism as Functional Analogues

The Merton Theorem Revisited and Restated: Conservatism and Fascism as Functional Analogues

The art of propaganda: marketing nationhood through visual imagery

Queen Elizabeth’s Leadership Abroad: The Netherlands in the 1570s

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