Religious Fractionalisation and Crimes in Disaster-Affected Communities: Survey Evidence from Bangladesh

Shoji, Masahiro

doi:10.1080/00220388.2017.1393521

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…One may be concerned whether this motive is effective during the COVID-19 pandemic, given that research in criminology notes the aggravation of antisocial behavior in socially disorganized communities [28]. Although increases in crime in disaster-affected areas are a common problem worldwide [29,30], some have suggested the critical role of social norms and social images in Japanese disaster-affected communities [31]. Furthermore, social sanctions against antisocial behavior may be even stronger during the COVID-19 pandemic because of increased infection risk to community members.…”

Section: Prosocialitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosociality and the Uptake of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Survey Analysis of Intergenerational Differences in Japan

Shoji¹,

Ito²,

Cato³

et al. 2021

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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Background: To control the COVID-19 pandemic, it is essential to trace and contain infection chains; for this reason, policymakers have endorsed the usage of contact tracing apps. To date, over 50 countries have released such apps officially or semiofficially, but those that rely on citizens' voluntary uptake suffer from low adoption rates, reducing their effectiveness. Early studies suggest that the low uptake is driven by citizens' concerns about security and privacy, as well as low perceptions of infection risk and benefits from the usage. However, these do not explore important generational differences in uptake decision or the association between individuals' prosociality and uptake. Objective:The objective of our study was to examine the role of individuals' prosociality and other factors discussed in the literature, such as perceived risk and trust in government, in encouraging the usage of contact tracing apps in Japan. We paid particular attention to generational differences. Methods: A web-based survey was conducted in Japan 6 months after the release of a government-sponsored contact tracing app. Participants were recruited from individuals aged between 20 and 69 years. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to measure prosociality, risk perception, and trust in government. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between these factors and uptake.Results: There was a total of 7084 respondents, and observations from 5402 respondents were used for analysis, of which 791 respondents (14.6%) had ever used the app. Two factors of prosociality were retained: agreeableness and attachment to the community. Full-sample analysis demonstrated app uptake was determined by agreeableness, attachment to the community, concern about health risks, concern about social risks, and trust in the national government; however, important differences existed. The uptake decision of respondents aged between 20 and 39 years was attributed to their attachment to the community (odds ratio [OR] 1.28, 95% CI 1.11-1.48). Agreeable personality (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.02-1.35), concern about social risk (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.02-1.35), and trust in national government (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05-1.28) were key determinants for those aged between 40 and 59 years. For those aged over 60 years, concerns about health risks determined the uptake decision (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.24-1.80). Conclusions:Policymakers should implement different interventions for each generation to increase the adoption rate of contact tracing apps. It may be effective to inform older adults about the health benefits of the apps. For middle-age adults, it is important to mitigate concerns about security and privacy issues, and for younger generations, it is necessary to boost their attachment to their community by utilizing social media and other web-based network tools.

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Section: Prosocialitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosociality and the Uptake of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Survey Analysis of Intergenerational Differences in Japan

Shoji¹,

Ito²,

Cato³

et al. 2021

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, Aldrich, Sawada, and Oum [4] found that only 9% of the disaster damages in Asia were insured. As private risk-coping is insufficient, public risk-coping, particularly aid from the government, can be an important risk-coping strategy in the aftermath of disasters (Morris, et al [5]; Shoji [6]; Strömberg [7]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disaster Aid Targeting and Self-Reporting Bias: Natural Experimental Evidence from the Philippines

Higuchi¹,

Fuwa²,

Kajisa³

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Aid from the government can play a critical role as a risk-coping device in a post-disaster situation if the recipients are properly targeted. We analyze the accuracy of disaster aid targeting and self-reporting bias in disaster damage and aid receipt by combining (i) satellite images (objective information on flood damage), (ii) administrative records (objective information on post-flood aid receipt), and (iii) unique survey data (self-reported information on damage assessment and aid receipt) on a large-scale flooding in 2012 in the Philippines. We find that damage is over-reported while aid receipt is under-reported, and as a result, the estimated targeting accuracy based on self-reported information is substantially downward-biased.

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Gendered effects of early childhood weather shocks on locus of control: evidence from 28 agricultural countries

Shoji

2022

J Popul Econ

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Religious Fractionalisation and Crimes in Disaster-Affected Communities: Survey Evidence from Bangladesh

Cited by 5 publications

References 84 publications

Prosociality and the Uptake of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Survey Analysis of Intergenerational Differences in Japan

Prosociality and the Uptake of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Survey Analysis of Intergenerational Differences in Japan

Disaster Aid Targeting and Self-Reporting Bias: Natural Experimental Evidence from the Philippines

Gendered effects of early childhood weather shocks on locus of control: evidence from 28 agricultural countries

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