Relieving Occupational Fatigue by Consumption of a Beverage Containing &amp;gamma;-Amino Butyric Acid

Kanehira, Tsutomu; Nakamura, Yoshiko; Nakamura, Kenji; Horie, Kenji; Horie, Nobutaka; Furugori, Kaori; Sauchi, Yusuke; Yokogoshi, Hidehiko

doi:10.3177/jnsv.57.9

Cited by 60 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Moreover, at least five different studies have reported that the oral administration of GABA or GABA-supplemented food/beverages (corresponding GABA amounts of about 50–100 mg) has had positive effects on human health. These effects include: (i) the reduction of psychological stress in people who performed arithmetic tasks (Nakamura et al, 2009; Kanehira et al, 2011; Yoto et al, 2012); (ii) the reduction of stress in acrophobic subjects exposed to heights (Abdou et al, 2006); (iii) an increased ability to perform prioritized planned actions (Steenbergen et al, 2015). …”

Section: Glu/gaba: Receptors Signaling and Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuro-endocrinological Role of Microbial Glutamate and GABA Signaling

2016

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Gut microbiota provides the host with multiple functions (e.g., by contributing to food digestion, vitamin supplementation, and defense against pathogenic strains) and interacts with the host organism through both direct contact (e.g., through surface antigens) and soluble molecules, which are produced by the microbial metabolism. The existence of the so-called gut–brain axis of bi-directional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS) also supports a communication pathway between the gut microbiota and neural circuits of the host, including the CNS. An increasing body of evidence has shown that gut microbiota is able to modulate gut and brain functions, including the mood, cognitive functions, and behavior of humans. Nonetheless, given the extreme complexity of this communication network, its comprehension is still at its early stage. The present contribution will attempt to provide a state-of-the art description of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota can affect the gut–brain axis and the multiple cellular and molecular communication circuits (i.e., neural, immune, and humoral). In this context, special attention will be paid to the microbial strains that produce bioactive compounds and display ascertained or potential probiotic activity. Several neuroactive molecules (e.g., catecholamines, histamine, serotonin, and trace amines) will be considered, with special focus on Glu and GABA circuits, receptors, and signaling. From the basic science viewpoint, “microbial endocrinology” deals with those theories in which neurochemicals, produced by both multicellular organisms and prokaryotes (e.g., serotonin, GABA, glutamate), are considered as a common shared language that enables interkingdom communication. With regards to its application, research in this area opens the way toward the possibility of the future use of neuroactive molecule-producing probiotics as therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurogastroenteric and/or psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Glu/gaba: Receptors Signaling and Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuro-endocrinological Role of Microbial Glutamate and GABA Signaling

2016

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“…Kanehira et al . demonstrated an anti-fatigue effect from GABA ingestion on salivary secretion levels of chromogranin A (CgA) and cortisol following an arithmetic task used as a fatigue load [9]. Nakamura et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intake of green tea inhibited increase of salivary chromogranin A after mental task stress loads

Yoto

Murao

Nakamura

et al. 2014

J Physiol Anthropol

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BackgroundGreen tea has become renowned for its health benefits. In this study, we investigated the anti-stress effect of two kinds of green tea against a mental stress task load.MethodsWarm water, ordinary green tea (Sagara), and shaded white tea, which contains more amino acid components than Sagara, were used as test samples in a randomized cross-over design study. Eighteen students (nine male and nine female) participated in three experimental trials on different days at intervals of seven days. Saliva was collected before beverage intake and after performing the mental stress load tasks. Concentration of chromogranin A (CgA) in the saliva was used as an index of autonomic nervous system activity.ResultsCgA level increased after the mental tasks, but intake of green tea inhibited this increase; the anti-stress effect was even greater after consumption of shaded white tea. Intake of shaded white tea also lowered Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) score on the Profile of Mood States (POMS); subjects in this condition tended to perform more calculations in the arithmetic task than those in the warm water treatment condition.ConclusionsSalivary CgA concentration levels increased after mental stress load tasks, but ingestion of green tea inhibited this increase. This anti-stress effect was larger after the consumption of shaded white tea than after Sagara. Shaded white tea intake also lowered TMD score (POMS) and tended to improve performance on an arithmetic task compared to warm water, suggesting that shaded white tea might also improve mood during and after mental stress load.

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“…The chromogranin A (CgA) and salivary cortisol are known stress markers in humans [108], CgA being ubiquitously secreted in several tissue types, including, as recently discovered, in the submandibular glands [109], [110]. Kanehira et al (2011) observed that salivary secretion levels of chromogranin A were significantly lower in subjects who did intake 25 and / or 50 mg of GABA in comparison with the control group [111]. Other studies also report the GABA effect on relaxation and stress reduction.…”

Section: Gabamentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Other studies also report the GABA effect on relaxation and stress reduction. Abdou et al (2006) found that oral administration of GABA increased significantly alpha waves and decreased beta waves in the brain, and has maintained the levels of immunoglobulin A in saliva, when the subjects were subjected to stress conditions, such as crossing a suspension bridge [112]. This study showed that GABA could induce relaxation by decreasing anxiety while increasing immunity under stress conditions.…”

Section: Gabamentioning

confidence: 81%

Relation between vitamins of the b complex, GABA and glutamate, and their role in neurocognitive disorders -Brief review

Justo

César

Migowski

et al. 2016

IJBAS

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Vitamins, especially the water-soluble complex of vitamins B, are highlighted in the daily clinical practice. Numerous studies emphasize the need for supplementation, mainly in groups with deficiency of these vitamins, such as the elderly, pregnant women, children and patients with diseases associates with cognitive disorder. Thiamine (B1), a vitamin of the diet, is an important cofactor for the three key enzymes involved in the citric acid cycle and the pentose phosphate cycle. Pyridoxine (B6) and cobalamin (B12) act in the CNS as a cofactor in the metabolism reactions of homocysteine. Deficiency of some neurotransmitter precursors can also cause symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, especially amino acid and vitamin B deficiency. Inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters regulate diverse behavioral processes, including sleep, learning, memory and sensation of pain. They are also implicated in many pathological processes, such as epilepsy and neurotoxicity. Studies suggest that the excitatory amino acids may play a role in learning and memory. The binding of glutamate to its receptor triggers molecular and cellular events associated with numerous physiological and pathophysiological pathways, including the development of an increased sensation of pain (hyperalgesia), brain neurotoxicity or synaptic alterations involved in certain types of memory formation. Between the two major classes of neuroactive amino acids, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory amino acid. It is known that GABA plays a fundamental role in encoding information and behavioral control, in the regulation of motor function and in motor learning. The inter-relationships between diet, the brain and behavior are complex. However, micronutrients are known to have a direct influence on cognitive function through their involvement in the energy metabolism of neurons and glia cells, the synthesis of neurotransmitters, receptor binding and the maintenance of membrane ion pumps.

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Relieving Occupational Fatigue by Consumption of a Beverage Containing γ-Amino Butyric Acid

Cited by 60 publications

References 33 publications

The Neuro-endocrinological Role of Microbial Glutamate and GABA Signaling

The Neuro-endocrinological Role of Microbial Glutamate and GABA Signaling

Intake of green tea inhibited increase of salivary chromogranin A after mental task stress loads

Relation between vitamins of the b complex, GABA and glutamate, and their role in neurocognitive disorders -Brief review

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