“…In contrast, most autonomous driving studies included information on the automation capabilities such as conditional automation levels (e.g., Level 3 -roughly 75% automation), except for one study, which included a highly automated system (Level 4) [61]. However, we found five studies that employed automation empowered by machine learning [71,109,110,132,141] and eight which specifically referred to artificial intelligence [11,12,43,83,100,118,144,145]. Some studies also referred to fictitious automated systems [94] and others to a Wizard-of-Oz manipulations [58].…”