Reliability of Y Balance Test in Runners With Intellectual Disability

Abstract

Context: The Y Balance Test (YBT) is a simple, reliable, cost-effective screening test. It is used to evaluate dynamic balance as well as to determine the potential risk of injury of the lower limbs. The reliability of YBT has been widely reported in the general population. However, there are no studies evaluating the reliability of YBT use in athletes with intellectual disability (ID). The aim of the study was to examine the reliability of the YBT in runners with ID. Design: A reliability study. Methods: Twelve male runners (short-distance running) with ID (age 25.1 [4.50] y, height 169.1 [4.2] cm, weight 69.5 [5.5] kg, and intelligence quotient 60.8 [2.4]). The YBT was used to measure participants’ dynamic balance in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reach directions. The analysis used the normalized values to the relative length of the lower limbs. A 1-way (trial) repeated-measures (5) analysis of variance for each direction was used. Intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change were computed to assess the reliability of the YBT between trials. Results: After 6 practice trials, 3 out of 5 consecutive ones achieved results stabilization for all directions and both legs (P < .05). The intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change values for all trials ranged from .76 to .87, 5% to <7%, and 11% to <15%, respectively. Conclusion: The YBT is a highly reliable tool to measure the dynamic balance of male runners with ID. Therefore, it is recommended to perform 6 practice trials and 3 measurements in these runners.

The Relationship between Dynamic Balance, Jumping Ability, and Agility with 100 m Sprinting Performance in Athletes with Intellectual Disabilities

“…The greatest successful reach for each direction was used for analysis. This test is valid and reliable in athletes with intellectual disabilities [ 26 ].…”

Effect of Verbal Encouragement on Postural Balance in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities

“…Dynamic balance was evaluated by the Y Balance Test (YBT) and the Expanded Timed Get-up-and-Go test (ETUGT). The YBT is a simple clinical tool used to provide quantifiable measures of dynamic postural balance in different populations, including individuals with IDs [36][37][38]. The YBT requires the participant to balance on one leg, placing their right foot at the center of the grid, which represents their preferred kicking leg, while simultaneously reaching as far as possible with the other leg in three separate directions: anterior (ANT), posterolateral (PLAT), and posteromedial (PMED) [39].…”

“…This measurement was taken from the upper anterior iliac spine to the inner ankle while the participant was lying in a supine position on the ground, following established guidelines. To familiarize participants with the test procedure and optimize their performance, each participant underwent six practice trials [38]. This allowed them to gain a better understanding of how to execute the test and familiarize themselves with the required movements and balance adjustments.…”