Reliability of water supply from stormwater harvesting and managed aquifer recharge with a brackish aquifer in an urbanising catchment and changing climate

Clark, R.; Gonzalez, Dennis; Dillon, Peter J.; Charles, Stephen P.; Cresswell, David; Naumann, Bruce D.

doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.07.009

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…There is no reliability target level defined in Botswana but at the end of the simulated period the level is only 0.51 (mean value). As a comparison, case studies in Australia [21,22] have applied a 0.995 volumetric reliability target for potable supplies and a 0.95 target level for non-potable use.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Water Balance Modelling for Risk Assessment and Decision Support on MAR Potential in Botswana

Lindhé

Rosén

Johansson³

et al. 2020

Water

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Botswana experiences a water stressed situation due to the climate and a continuously increasing water demand. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is considered, among other measures, to improve the situation. To evaluate the possibility for increased water supply security, a probabilistic and dynamic water supply security model was developed. Statistically generated time series of source water availability are used in combination with the dynamic storages in dams and aquifers, and the possible supply is compared with the demand to simulate the magnitude and probability of water supply shortages. The model simulates the system and possible mitigation measures from 2013 to 2035 (23 years), using one-month time steps. The original system is not able to meet the demand, and the estimated volumetric supply reliability in the year 2035 is 0.51. An additional surface water dam (now implemented) will increase the reliability to 0.88 but there will still be a significant water shortage problem. Implementing large-scale MAR can further improve the reliability to at least 0.95. System properties limiting the effect of MAR are identified using the model and show how to further improve the effect of MAR. The case study results illustrate the importance and benefit of using an integrated approach, including time-dependence and future scenarios, when evaluating the need and potential of MAR.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Water Balance Modelling for Risk Assessment and Decision Support on MAR Potential in Botswana

Lindhé

Rosén

Johansson³

et al. 2020

Water

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“…The system was also investigated to determine if urban stormwater could be recycled via an aquifer and produce potable quality in conjunction with engineered treatments. More recent work has quantitatively demonstrated that this system offers a resilient source of non-potable water for the next several decades [17][18][19]. The planned Northern Adelaide Irrigation Scheme in South Australia is a recycled water scheme to use 12 million cubic metres per year of reclaimed water, mainly to support agricultural food production, and is intended to increase the use of recycled water by 60% annually [20].…”

Section: Rationale and Examples Of Large-scale Mar In An Australian mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Recycling via Aquifers for Sustainable Urban Water Quality Management: Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities

Bekele

Page

Vanderzalm

et al. 2018

Water

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Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is used worldwide in urban environments to replenish groundwater to provide a secure and sustainable supply of potable and non-potable water. It relies on natural treatment processes within aquifers (i.e., filtration, sorption, and degradation), and in some cases involves infiltration through the unsaturated zone to polish the given source water, e.g., treated wastewater, stormwater, or rainwater, to the desired quality prior to reuse. Whilst MAR in its early forms has occurred for millennia, large-scale schemes to replenish groundwater with advanced treated reclaimed water have come to the fore in cities such as Perth, Western Australia, Monterey, California, and Changwon, South Korea, as water managers consider provision for projected population growth in a drying climate. An additional bonus for implementing MAR in coastal aquifers is assisting in the prevention of seawater intrusion. This review begins with the rationale for large-scale MAR schemes in an Australian urban context, reflecting on the current status; describes the unique benefits of several common MAR types; and provides examples from around the world. It then explores several scientific challenges, ranging from quantifying aquifer removal for various groundwater contaminants to assessing risks to human health and the environment, and avoiding adverse outcomes from biogeochemical changes induced by aquifer storage. Scientific developments in the areas of water quality assessments, which include molecular detection methods for microbial pathogens and high resolution analytical chemistry methods for detecting trace chemicals, give unprecedented insight into the "polishing" offered by natural treatment. This provides opportunities for setting of compliance targets for mitigating risks to human health and maintaining high performance MAR schemes.

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“…Technical advances during the past two centuries coupled with recent research for improved access to safe drinking water in low-income communities (decentralized systems) and efforts to rapidly transport urban runoff away from cities to prevent flooding suggest that harvested RW has the potential to provide the highest drinking water quality to a larger population [12,[23][24][25]. Moreover, in addition to using it as a direct source of drinking water, the harvested rainwater can be locally infiltrating into the sub-surface in the form of artificial recharge to increase groundwater storage in aquifers [7,[26][27][28]. Locally infiltrating rainwater prevents salt intrusion in coastal areas, and deeper groundwater drawdown and depletion, which are the most widely reported adverse impacts of excessive groundwater abstraction [9,28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Rainwater Harvesting a Key Solution for Water Management: The Universality of the Kilimanjaro Concept

Marwa

Mwamila³

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Rainwater is conventionally perceived as an alternative drinking water source, mostly needed to meet water demand under particular circumstances, including under semi-arid conditions and on small islands. More recently, rainwater has been identified as a potential source of clean drinking water in cases where groundwater sources contain high concentrations of toxic geogenic contaminants. Specifically, this approach motivated the introduction of the Kilimanjaro Concept (KC) to supply fluoride-free water to the population of the East African Rift Valley (EARV). Clean harvested rainwater can either be used directly as a source of drinking water or blended with polluted natural water to meet drinking water guidelines. Current efforts towards the implementation of the KC in the EARV are demonstrating that harvesting rainwater is a potential universal solution to cover ever-increasing water demands while limiting adverse environmental impacts such as groundwater depletion and flooding. Indeed, all surface and subsurface water resources are replenished by precipitation (dew, hail, rain, and snow), with rainfall being the main source and major component of the hydrological cycle. Thus, rainwater harvesting systems entailing carefully harvesting, storing, and transporting rainwater are suitable solutions for water supply as long as rain falls on earth. Besides its direct use, rainwater can be infiltrating into the subsurface when and where it falls, thereby increasing aquifer recharge while minimizing soil erosion and limiting floods. The present paper presents an extension of the original KC by incorporating Chinese experience to demonstrate the universal applicability of the KC for water management, including the provision of clean water for decentralized communities.

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Reliability of water supply from stormwater harvesting and managed aquifer recharge with a brackish aquifer in an urbanising catchment and changing climate

Cited by 47 publications

References 18 publications

Dynamic Water Balance Modelling for Risk Assessment and Decision Support on MAR Potential in Botswana

Dynamic Water Balance Modelling for Risk Assessment and Decision Support on MAR Potential in Botswana

Water Recycling via Aquifers for Sustainable Urban Water Quality Management: Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities

Making Rainwater Harvesting a Key Solution for Water Management: The Universality of the Kilimanjaro Concept

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