Reliability of toluidine blue application in the detection of oral epithelial dysplasia and in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas

Onofre, Mirian Aparecida; Sposto, M. R.; Navarro, Cláudia Maria; Paulo, São

doi:10.1067/moe.2001.112949

Cited by 140 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For example, toluidine blue has been used as a mouth stain for identifying high-risk primary oral premalignant lesions (20)(21)(22). Recently, this dye has been used successfully in clinical studies that have correlated histologic progression with high-risk clinicopathologic molecular patterns (i.e., loss of chromosomal heterozygosity; ref.…”

Section: Introduction: Buccal Cells and Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco-Associated Human Buccal Cell Mutations and Their Association with Oral Cancer—A Review

Proia

Paszkiewicz

Nasca³

et al. 2006

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

139

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Reported herein are the results of a structured literature review that was undertaken to (a) determine if human buccal (mouth) cell changes are associated with smoking and smokeless (''chewing'') tobacco, (b) tabulate different buccal cell alterations that have been reported, (c) delineate buccal cell assays that have been used successfully, (d) determine whether buccal cell changes correlate with oral cancer as defined in clinicopathologic investigations, and (e) assess the feasibility of developing a high-throughput buccal cell assay for screening smokers for the early detection of oral cancer. The results of the studies reported herein have established that diverse buccal cell changes are associated with smoking and smokeless tobacco. This review documents also that buccal cells have been collected in a noninvasive manner, and repetitively for serial studies, from different sites of the mouth (e.g., cheek, gum, and tongue) and from normal tissue, preneoplastic lesions (leukoplakia), and malignant tumors. Tobacco-associated genetic mutations and nongenetic changes have been reported; a partial listing includes (a) micronuclei, (b) bacterial adherence, (c) genetic mutations, (d) DNA polymorphisms, (d) carcinogen-DNA adducts, and (e) chromosomal abnormalities. Clinical studies have correlated buccal cell changes with malignant tumors, and some oral oncologists have reported that the buccal cell changes are practical biomarkers. Summarily, the literature has established that buccal cells are useful not only for characterizing the molecular mechanisms underlying tobacco-associated oral cancers but also as exfoliative cells that express diverse changes that offer promise as candidate biomarkers for the early detection of oral cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(6):1061 -77)

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Section: Introduction: Buccal Cells and Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The in vivo and ex vivo strategies are intended to identify the precise location of an oral cancer and thereby enhance the success of different therapies (20)(21)(22). These schemes are not without limitations and challenges.…”

Section: Introduction: Buccal Cells and Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco-Associated Human Buccal Cell Mutations and Their Association with Oral Cancer—A Review

Proia

Paszkiewicz

Nasca³

et al. 2006

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

139

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“…Staining specificity was 65 % because the inflammatory lesions were eliminated for the first time and restained after 14 days. In lesions without epithelial dysplasia or atypical cells, false positivity was 35 % [65].…”

Section: Reliability Of Toludine Blue Staining In Detection Of Oral Smentioning

confidence: 97%

Diagnostic Modalities for Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Extensive Review of Literature-Considering Toluidine Blue as a Useful Adjunct

Chhabra

Sapra

2014

J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.

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Introduction Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas have been considered as the most prevalent malignancies in the head and neck region and are frequently undiagnosed until symptomatic with an advanced stage of disease. So there is an urgent need to device methods for the detection of oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer at an early stage in order to improve the survival rate for patients. A number of tests have been done for the detection of oral cancer which include oral brush biopsy, the Vizilite, oral autofluorescence including chemiluscence, photodynamic detection, toluidine blue staining, methylene blue staining, incisional biopsy and many more. Material The article reviews various diagnostic modalities available at present for detection of squamous cell carcinomas and oral epithelial dysplasias based on advanced PUBMED search of the English language literature from the year 1972 to present in order to help us select the most suitable among them fulfilling the desired criteria of being non-invasive, highly specific and sensitive, economically viable, having a scope to be used for mass screening, easy to process, having low inter examiner variability and possibly not requiring high expertise to conduct and interpret the results. Conclusion After reviewing various diagnostic modalities, we conclude that toluidine blue staining emerges as a clear winner among all these and it can act as a valuable adjunct to incisional biopsy in detection of oral cancer and may not substitute it except in certain circumstances when its results are carefully correlated with the patient history and clinical characteristics of the mucosal disorder, considering the fact that incisional biopsy has been reported to cause dissemination of cancer cells in the circulation there by increasing the possibility of metastasis. We must emphasize that toludine blue is a screening modality and not a diagnostic procedure like biopsy and hence cannot replace a confirmatory biopsy as a whole

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“…It is also shown that the results of vital tissue staining are not always fully reliable. [10] Punch biopsy can be done but the tissue obtained is usually distorted and insufficient which can give false result. Our study established the fact by showing the disparity in 1 case of punch biopsy out of 2 cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Concordance of Pre and Post-surgical Biopsy in Oral Carcinoma

Sebastián¹,

Satheesan

Emmnuel

et al. 2018

IJMDS

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Reliability of toluidine blue application in the detection of oral epithelial dysplasia and in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas

Cited by 140 publications

References 22 publications

Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco-Associated Human Buccal Cell Mutations and Their Association with Oral Cancer—A Review

Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco-Associated Human Buccal Cell Mutations and Their Association with Oral Cancer—A Review

Diagnostic Modalities for Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Extensive Review of Literature-Considering Toluidine Blue as a Useful Adjunct

A Study on Concordance of Pre and Post-surgical Biopsy in Oral Carcinoma

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