Reliability of the Fox-walk test in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Verberkt, Cornelia A.; Fridén, Cecilia; Grooten, Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas; Opava, Christina H.

doi:10.3109/09638288.2012.667191

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The support group meetings were informed by an active behavioural learning approach in line with social cognitive theory [ 18 ] and were guided by coaches who were trained to deliver the programme by facilitating the participants’ learning of specific behavioural skills to enable incorporation of HEPA into daily routines [ 19 ]. More details of the intervention programme, which also included expert lectures, physical activity in different environments, challenge competitions and self-assessed aerobic capacity tests [ 20 ], have been published elsewhere [ 16 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An outsourced health-enhancing physical activity programme for people with rheumatoid arthritis: exploration of adherence and response

Nordgren¹,

Fridén²,

Demmelmaier³

et al. 2014

Rheumatology

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Objectives. The aims of this study were to document adherence to and changes in health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) levels and self-reported and assessed functioning and to explore aspects of adherence and response during the first year of an outsourced 2-year HEPA programme in people with RA.Methods. Two-hundred and twenty patients participated in this observational cohort study, which included daily physical activity, twice-weekly circuit training and biweekly support group meetings. Self-reported data included current (past week) and maintained (past 6 months) HEPA levels, sociodemographics and disease-related and psychosocial factors. Tests of aerobic capacity and muscle function were performed and anthropometric data were collected.Results. Eighty-eight per cent of the participants completed 1 year assessments. Self-reported current and maintained HEPA increased. General health perception and a number of other self-reported disease-related and psychosocial factors improved, while exercise self-efficacy declined. Aerobic capacity, timed standing and grip strength improved and waist circumference decreased. The mean number of circuit training sessions performed was 48, the mean number of days with HEPA was 189 and the mean number of support group meetings attended was 9. Better adherence to circuit training improved general health, and better adherence to group meetings improved timed standing. Exercise self-efficacy improved among those adhering more to circuit training or support group meetings.Conclusion. The outsourced HEPA programme had high retention and reasonable adherence. A number of health outcomes improved. Relationships between adherence to the programme components and response were not clear-cut and need further attention.Trial registration: ISRCTN register; http://www.controlled-trials.com. Trial registration number ISRCTN25539102.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An outsourced health-enhancing physical activity programme for people with rheumatoid arthritis: exploration of adherence and response

Nordgren¹,

Fridén²,

Demmelmaier³

et al. 2014

Rheumatology

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“…towels. Furthermore, the participants are encouraged to perform the Fox-walk test, a simple method to monitor aerobic capacity by walking a track [ 32 ] and they are also provided with short message service (SMS), weekly text messages to monitor and encourage their HEPA.…”

Section: Design and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term health-enhancing physical activity in rheumatoid arthritis - the PARA 2010 study

et al. 2012

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BackgroundPeople with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) suffer increased risk of disability andpremature mortality. Health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) could be one importantfactor to reduce this risk. Rising health care costs call for the development and evaluation ofnew modes of rehabilitation, including physical activity in settings outside the health caresystem.Methods/DesignThis cohort study targets 450 patients with RA that do not currently meet HEPA recommendations, recruited from six hospitals reporting to the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Registers (SRQ). We have developed a two-year real-life intervention program including a minimum of twice-weekly circuit training, moderately intense physical activity the remaining days of the week and group meetings to support behavior change every other week. Our hypothesis is that increased physical activity and exercise will improve perceived health, reduce pain and fatigue, increase muscle function and aerobic capacity, impact psychosocial factors and prevent future cardiovascular events. Research questions regard outcomes, retention rates, dose–response matters and the exploration of responder characteristics. This protocol outlines recruitment procedure, design, assessment methods and the intervention program of the study.DiscussionThe PARA 2010 project is designed to expand the knowledge on HEPA in RA by a progressive approach regarding population, setting, intervention, time frames and outcome measures. To our knowledge this is the first long-term HEPA program based on Social Cognitive Theory, and performed in a real life environment to demonstrate if this new setting can promote increased and maintained physical activity in people with RA.Trial registration numberISRCTN25539102

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“…It is easy to perform, self-administered and requires no expensive equipment. The Fox-walk test is highly reliable in people with RA with an intra class correlation (ICC) of 0.98 (95% Confidence Interval, CI: 0.95-0.99) and the reliability is not influenced by disease-related factors [5]. Moreover, the Fox-walk test is also a reliable method to monitor improvements in VO 2max .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the Fox-walk test is also a reliable method to monitor improvements in VO 2max . On a group level, the smallest detectable differences should be an increase of >1 ml · kg −1 · min −1 (or 2.4%) to show a clinically relevant difference, whereas on an individual level, an increase of >2.8 ml · kg −1 · min −1 (or 9.4%) indicates a clinically relevant difference in VO 2max [5]. However, the test still needs to be validated in people with RA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criterion validation of two submaximal aerobic fitness tests, the self-monitoring Fox-walk test and the Åstrand cycle test in people with rheumatoid arthritis

Nordgren

Fridén

Jansson

et al. 2014

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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BackgroundAerobic capacity tests are important to evaluate exercise programs and to encourage individuals to have a physically active lifestyle. Submaximal tests, if proven valid and reliable could be used for estimation of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). The purpose of the study was to examine the criterion-validity of the submaximal self-monitoring Fox-walk test and the submaximal Åstrand cycle test against a maximal cycle test in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A secondary aim was to study the influence of different formulas for age predicted maximal heart rate when estimating VO2max by the Åstrand test.MethodsTwenty seven subjects (81% female), mean (SD) age 62 (8.1) years, diagnosed with RA since 17.9 (11.7) years, participated in the study. They performed the Fox-walk test (775 meters), the Åstrand test and the maximal cycle test (measured VO2max test). Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the direction and strength of the association between the tests, and paired t-tests were used to test potential differences between the tests. Bland and Altman methods were used to assess whether there was any systematic disagreement between the submaximal tests and the maximal test.ResultsThe correlation between the estimated and measured VO2max values were strong and ranged between r = 0.52 and r = 0.82 including the use of different formulas for age predicted maximal heart rate, when estimating VO2max by the Åstrand test. VO2max was overestimated by 30% by the Fox-walk test and underestimated by 10% by the Åstrand test corrected for age. When the different formulas for age predicted maximal heart rate were used, the results showed that two formulas better predicted maximal heart rate and consequently a more precise estimation of VO2max.ConclusionsDespite the fact that the Fox-walk test overestimated VO2max substantially, the test is a promising method for self-monitoring VO2max and further development of the test is encouraged. The Åstrand test should be considered as highly valid and feasible and the two newly developed formulas for predicting maximal heart rate according to age are preferable to use when estimating VO2max by the Åstrand test.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2474-15-305) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Reliability of the Fox-walk test in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

An outsourced health-enhancing physical activity programme for people with rheumatoid arthritis: exploration of adherence and response

An outsourced health-enhancing physical activity programme for people with rheumatoid arthritis: exploration of adherence and response

Long-term health-enhancing physical activity in rheumatoid arthritis - the PARA 2010 study

Criterion validation of two submaximal aerobic fitness tests, the self-monitoring Fox-walk test and the Åstrand cycle test in people with rheumatoid arthritis

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