Reliability of the Chinese Version of the Trail Making Test and Stroop Color and Word Test among Older Adults

Wang, Ray Yau; Zhang, Jun; Huang, Yu-Hung; Yang, Yea Ru

doi:10.1016/j.ijge.2018.06.003

Cited by 27 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In Part B, the circles included both numbers 1 to 13 and the 12 Chinese zodiac symbols (eg, rat, cow, and tiger in Chinese). Participants were required to connect the circles by alternating between the numbers and Chinese zodiac symbols in the correct sequence (ie, 1‐rat‐2‐ox‐3‐tiger) . The score on each part was the number of seconds required to complete the task.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were required to connect the circles by alternating between the numbers and Chinese zodiac symbols in the correct sequence (ie, 1-rat-2-ox-3-tiger). 33,34 The score on each part was the number of seconds required to complete the task. In this study, we used TMT-A to measure visual-spatial attention and TMT-B to measure alertness.…”

Section: Primary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Construction and evaluation of multidomain attention training to improve alertness attention, sustained attention, and visual‐spatial attention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial

Yang

Chu

Kao

et al. 2020

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Objectives We aimed to analyze the effects of multidomain attention training on alertness, sustained attention, and visual‐spatial attention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Design The design used in this study was a two‐arm, parallel group, double‐blind randomized controlled trial. Setting and participants The participants of the study were seventy‐eight older adults with MCI (mean age: 79.5 ± 7.9 years) from retirement centers and community housing for the elderly. Intervention The participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (multidomain attention training, n = 39) or an active control group (n = 39). Both groups underwent training sessions for 45 minutes three times per week for 6 weeks (18 sessions in total). Measures The main efficacy indicator was alertness (Trail Making Test Part B), sustained attention (Digit Vigilance Test), and visual‐spatial attention (Trail Making Test Part A). The secondary outcome indicators were other cognitive functions (Mini‐Mental State Examination [MMSE] and Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA] subscales). Measurements were obtained at pretest, posttest, and 3 and 6 months after training. Results The results were analyzed by a generalized estimating equation (GEE), which indicated that attention outcomes (alertness, sustained attention, and visual‐spatial attention) of the experimental group did not improve after training. However, the experimental group displayed a significant improvement in the attention, memory, and orientation of MMSE and MoCA subscales over a period of 6 months and also showed superior results compared with the control group. Conclusions Multidomain attention training demonstrated improved alertness and visual‐spatial attention for posttest after 6 months. We also outline potential future advances in attention training for improving attention in older adults with MCI.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Primary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction and evaluation of multidomain attention training to improve alertness attention, sustained attention, and visual‐spatial attention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial

Yang

Chu

Kao

et al. 2020

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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“…Measures of inhibition comprised the anti-saccade paradigm (Gooding & Basso, 2008), Flanker test (Eriksen & Eriksen, 1974), delay of gratification or delay discounting tasks (Koffarnus & Bickel, 2014;Prencipe & Zelazo, 2005), Simon test (Simon & Wolf, 1963), Stroop task (Stroop, 1935), and stop-and-signal and go/no-go (Verbruggen & Logan, 2008). Accuracy and RT-based scores (e.g., interference effect) on these tests have displayed satisfactory internal consistency (α = 0.64-0.86) and two-to four-week significant retest reliability (r = .11-.96) (Martínez-Loredo, Fernández-Hermida, Carballo, & Fernández-Artamendi, 2017;Teichner, Golden, Bradley, & Crum, 1999;Wang, Zhou, Huang, & Yang, 2018;Wöstmann et al, 2013).…”

Section: Study Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, scores on these measures have shown good convergent validity with other inhibition tests, and discriminant validity with scores on tests of other constructs (Martínez-Loredo et al, 2017;Teichner et al, 1999;Wang et al, 2018;Wöstmann et al, 2013).…”

Section: Study Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These shifting measures accuracy and RT scores have shown good internal consistency (α = .77-.98) and retest-reliability (r = .62-.87) (Bowden et al, 1998;Hughes, Linck, Bowles, Koeth, & Bunting, 2014;Paap & Sawi, 2016;Wang et al, 2018). Moreover, scores on these tests have shown strong convergent validity with other shifting assessments, alongside discriminant validity with tests of different constructs or other EF domains (Doebel & Zelazo, 2015;Hughes et al, 2014;Nyhus & Barceló, 2009;Wang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Study Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mindfulness Enhances Cognitive Functioning: A Meta-Analysis of 95 Randomized Controlled Trials

Nh¹,

Mg²

2020

Preprint

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Background: The past 30 years have witnessed growing scientific interest regarding the impact of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on cognitive functions. Several theories propose that habitually exercising mindfulness skills can improve cognitive abilities, but no comprehensive quantitative reviews of the effect of MBIs on global and unique cognitive domains exist to date. Method: This systematic review thus examined the effects of MBI on global cognitive ability (GCA) and 16 specific cognitive domains. MBI randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that administered cognitive tests pre- and post-treatment were included. Open-trials, non-randomized MBIs, and case-control studies were excluded. Keywords included “mindful*,” AND “executive attention (EA),” OR “working memory (WM).” Robust variance estimation and moderator analyses were conducted. Results: Ninety-five RCTs (n = 7,408) met eligibility criteria. MBI (vs. waitlist or no-treatment) had small-to-moderate significant effects on GCA, WM accuracy, inhibition accuracy and latency, EA, sustained attention accuracy, processing speed, and subjective attentional control (SAC) (g = 0.24 – 0.52). Likewise, MBI (vs. active control) had small-to-moderate positive effects on GCA, orienting, EA, WM accuracy, sustained attention (indexed by intra-individual coefficient of variation), and SAC (average g = 0.17 – 0.41). Age, gender, study quality, treatment duration, publication year, retention, statistical analysis, and country, moderated some treatment effects. Publication bias analyses showed that reliable treatment effects were restricted to EA, WM accuracy, inhibition accuracy, sustained attention, and SAC, depending on the control group. Conclusion: MBIs confer notable neuropsychological benefits and dose-response effects on some specific (vs. global) cognitive domains. Limitations, theoretical, and applied implications are discussed. (Note: This paper has not been peer reviewed. Please do not copy or cite without author's permission.)

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Epidemiology of body dysmorphic disorder among adolescents: A study of their cognitive functions

2022

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All through history, beautiful people have usually gained much more respect. In spite of the fact that the definition of an ideal body shape has changed over time, the value of bodily appearance attraction has remained unvarying. Therefore, everyone usually expresses a degree of concern about physical appearance (Toh, Rossell, & Castle, 2009) and wishes for changes in parts of their body. Such tendencies have turned into an obsessive behavior (Tomas-Aragones & Marron, 2016), which is called body dysmorphic disorders (BDD) in psychiatry and psychopathology textbooks. This mental disorder causes individuals to describe their bodily appearance often as unattractive and ugly. They are obsessed with one or more aspects of their bodily appearance acknowledging their own deformities (Labuschagne, Castle, & Rossell, 2011). Extreme degrees of repetitive behaviors (e.g., constant self-examination of one's bodily appearance) and mental acts (e.g., comparing oneself with others) are regarded as symptoms of BDD (Abramowitz & Jacoby, 2015).

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Reliability of the Chinese Version of the Trail Making Test and Stroop Color and Word Test among Older Adults

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Construction and evaluation of multidomain attention training to improve alertness attention, sustained attention, and visual‐spatial attention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial

Construction and evaluation of multidomain attention training to improve alertness attention, sustained attention, and visual‐spatial attention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial

Mindfulness Enhances Cognitive Functioning: A Meta-Analysis of 95 Randomized Controlled Trials

Epidemiology of body dysmorphic disorder among adolescents: A study of their cognitive functions

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