Reliability of small scale greywater treatment systems and the impact of its effluent on soil properties

Reuse of greywater for irrigation around homes in Australia: Understanding community views, issues and practices

“…The participant suspected that this was possibly due to the long-term reuse of greywater but was not sure of the underlying dynamics of nutrient accumulation or other possible changes in soil pH and EC. These are valid concerns with the greywater reuse, and past studies have suggested that such concerns need to be resolved if we are to be successful with the reuse (Gross et al 2008).…”

“…A study by Gross et al (2008) indicated that raw greywater from different sources included in their study did not meet the local water quality standards for urban irrigation, and they concluded that some form of treatment prior to the reuse is preferable to cope with any water quality concerns. They also recommended that introducing greywater reuse practices that minimise human contact with greywater, developing appropriate reuse standards and educating community on the safe reuse of greywater can resolve many difficulties associated with the reuse of greywater.…”

“…However, there is a need for necessary support and encouragement for the reuse of greywater, particularly through clear guidelines, technical specifications and incentives for sustainable reuse of greywater (AlJayyousi 2003;Abusam 2008). Also, there is often a concern relating to the human health due to the presence of pathogens in greywater and likely negative impacts of greywater irrigation on soils health, due to high organic load, suspended solids and surfactants (Gross et al 2008).…”

Greywater Reuse System Design and Economic Analysis for Residential Buildings in Taiwan

“…Some researchers have suggested that water shortage will become more serious than oil shortage in the future [2]. Therefore, countries that are experiencing or partly experiencing drought have raised their awareness of water shortage hazards and many strategies aimed at reducing water usage and policies associated with water utilization [3], have been suggested.…”

“…Greywater recycling and reuse is done by filtering and recycling miscellaneous drain water from daily use and using it in secondary water applications [9,10]. Nevertheless, the low water cost in many countries, for example in Taiwan (based on total water cost for 200 m 3 of water per year, water cost in Taiwan is 1/5 of Japan, 1/4 of Singapore, 1/2 of Hong Kong [11], has caused a lack of incentive in the public for saving water and greywater recycling which results in worsening the water problem.…”