Reliability of point-of-collection testing devices for drugs of abuse in oral fluid: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Scherer, Juliana Nichterwitz; Fiorentin, Taís Regina; Borille, Bruna Tassi; Pasa, Graciela Gema; Sousa, Tanara Rosângela Vieira; Diemen, Lísia von; Limberger, Renata Pereira; Pechansky, Flávio

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2017.05.021

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…3 In many cases, for example driving under the influence of drugs, workplace drug testing, or in drug abstinence monitoring, oral fluid is used for analysis of drugs of abuse. 4,5 Oral fluid has the advantage that the parent compound is the major analytical target which facilitates method development. With respect to synthetic cannabinoids, immunologic test kits are under development that cross react with JWH-018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic properties of the synthetic cannabinoid JWH‐018 in oral fluid after inhalation

Toennes

Geraths

Pogoda

et al. 2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Each year, synthetic cannabinoids occur in high numbers on the illicit drug market, but data on their detectability are rarely available. A pilot study was performed to assess adverse effects of JWH-018, which is one of the oldest and best known synthetic cannabinoids. Oral fluid has been evaluated as a specimen for drug monitoring. Six subjects inhaled smoke derived from 2 and 3 mg JWH-018. The drug and 10 of its metabolites were analyzed in oral fluid samples collected during the following 12 hours using the Quantisal collection device by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Maximum concentrations of JWH-018 reached 2.2-2036 (median 25.7) ng/mL after inhalation and decreased during the next hour to only 0.08-8.42 (median 0.89) ng/mL. Metabolites were not found. During the elimination phase (median half-life 1.69 hours), detection of the drug over 6-12 hours (median 8 hours) after inhalation was achieved (0.024 ng/mL limit of quantification). Oral fluid/serum ratios varied considerably intra- and inter-individually in a range of 0.05-555 (median 1.38). The detection of JWH-018 in oral fluid requires high analytical sensitivity even 1 hour after inhalation. The pharmacokinetic properties of inhaled JWH-018 are similar to those of THC. Times for detection are typically less than 12 hours. High variability of the oral fluid/serum ratio precludes extrapolation of oral fluid concentrations to blood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic properties of the synthetic cannabinoid JWH‐018 in oral fluid after inhalation

Toennes

Geraths

Pogoda

et al. 2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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“…An immunochemical saliva tester undoubtedly has many advantages, making it possible to perform quick and cheap tests which do not infringe on the privacy of the driver. However, the possibility of cross-reactions must not be ignored, resulting in Ponadto, jak wynika z badań oceniających przydatność testerów śliny [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], w tym także przeprowadzonych w ramach projektów DRUID i ROSITA [3,20], w których sprawdzono łącznie kilkanaście testerów, ich zastosowanie jest mocno ograniczone ze względu na niesatysfakcjonujące wyniki pod względem czułości, specyficzności i dokładności. W pracy Nichterwitz Scherer i wsp.…”

Section: Saliva Testersunclassified

“…W pracy Nichterwitz Scherer i wsp. porównano dane z kilkudziesięciu opracowań dotyczących kilkunastu testerów śliny [20]. Oceniając czułość, specyficzność i dokładność testu, pod uwagę wzięto takie substancje jak amfetamina, kannabinoidy, kokaina, opiaty i benzodiazepiny (tab.…”

Section: Saliva Testersunclassified

“…Moreover, the studies evaluating the usefulness of saliva testers [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], including those conducted as part of DRUID and ROSITA projects [3, 20] during which a dozen or so saliva testers were checked, show that their use is very limited due to unsatisfactory results taking into account sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. In the work of Nichterwitz Scherer et al data from several dozen studies on several saliva testers were compared [20]. Substances such as amphetamine, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates and benzodiazepines were considered and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the test were evaluated (Table I).…”

Section: Saliva Testersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can therefore be concluded that the use of saliva testers in roadside checks for established drugs such as can-Tabela I. Zestawienie wyników sprawdzenia testerów śliny wg opracowania Nichterwitz Scherer i wsp. [20]…”

Section: Saliva Testersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methods for the initial (non-laboratory) assessment of unfitness for driving caused by psychoactive substances

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Upośledzenie sprawności psychofizycznej kierowców powodowane przez substancje psychoaktywne jest częstym i istotnym czynnikiem wypadkowości drogowej. O ile wstępne wykrycie kierowców znajdujących się pod wpływem alkoholu nie jest trudne dzięki rozpowszechnieniu urządzeń do pomiaru stężenia alkoholu w powietrzu wydychanym, o tyle w przypadku pozostałych substancji psychoaktywnych jest to problem. Substancje te tworzą zbiór licznych, różnorodnie działających związków, który regularnie się powiększa. W publikacji autorzy dokonali przeglądu stosowanych na świecie metod wstępnej, możliwej do zastosowania w ramach rutynowej policyjnej kontroli, detekcji substancji psychoaktywnych, tj. testerów śliny oraz elementów badania lekarskiego pogrupowanych w zestawy testów, ocenili również ich przydatność. Omówili też nowe metody detekcji, będące obecnie w trakcie udoskonalania, polegające na ocenie źrenic i ruchomości gałek ocznych.

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Toxicology Testing at the Point of Contact

2020

Fundamentals of Analytical Toxicology

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Reliability of point-of-collection testing devices for drugs of abuse in oral fluid: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 27 publications

References 48 publications

Pharmacokinetic properties of the synthetic cannabinoid JWH‐018 in oral fluid after inhalation

Pharmacokinetic properties of the synthetic cannabinoid JWH‐018 in oral fluid after inhalation

Methods for the initial (non-laboratory) assessment of unfitness for driving caused by psychoactive substances

Toxicology Testing at the Point of Contact

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