Reliability of outcome measures in individuals with Parkinson's Disease

Suteerawattananon, Monthaporn; Protas, Elizabeth J.

doi:10.1080/095939800458668

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…For the time to turn test, the participants were asked to turn. Number of steps to complete the turn was also recorded [13]. For the timed up and go test, participants were asked to get up from a chair, walk forward for 5 meters, turn around and walk back to sit on the same chair [14,15].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of fear of falling on gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease

Bryant

Rintala

Hou

et al. 2013

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Purpose To study the relationship of fear of falling (FoF) with gait characteristics and balance in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Method Seventy-nine non-demented individuals (62 males) with PD were studied. Their mean age was 69.22 ± 8.93 years. The average time since diagnosis was 8.27 ± 5.31 years. FoF was assessed by the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale in which high scores indicate less FoF. Gait was measured using a computerized walkway. Balance was measured by timed tests including the 5-step test, 360 degree turn, timed sideways walk, and timed up and go test. Participants were divided into two groups based on their ABC score (high FoF, ABC score <69; low FoF, ABC score ≥69). Gait characteristics and balance measures of the two groups were compared. Results Gait speed and stride length for forward walking (p < 0.0005 for both) and backward walking (p = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively) were lower for those with a high level of FoF compared to those with a low level of FoF. The time to take five steps (p = 0.025), time to turn (p < 0.0005), time to walk sideways (p = 0.001), and time to complete the up and go test (p = 0.003) were longer in those with a high level of FoF than in those with a low level of FoF. Number of steps to complete the turn (p = 0.001) and steps to walk sideways (p = 0.002) were greater in those with a high level of FoF than in those with a low level FoF. Conclusions Gait and balance of individuals with PD with a high level of FoF were poorer than those with a low level of FoF, regardless of previous fall history.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of fear of falling on gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease

Bryant

Rintala

Hou

et al. 2013

Disability and Rehabilitation

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“…That is, the 15.2-m walk was able to detect the combination of both changes; however, taskspecific measures that target individual functional tasks may be more sensitive to interventions in patients with PD. 40 Balance, as measured by the Berg Balance Scale, was slightly improved after the training. The scale is a measure of balance in sitting, standing, transfer, reaching, and turning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The reliability of data obtained with the PPT in patients with PD (r s ϭ.92) and the validity of data obtained with the PPT in elderly people have been reported. 39,40 The patient was timed while walking at his fastest speed for 7.6 m (25 ft), turning, and walking back 7.6 m. 40 For 360-degree turns, the patient was asked to turn 360 degrees as fast as possible. The time (in seconds) was recorded.…”

Section: Mobility Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Timed 15.2-m walks (r ϭ.99) and timed turns (r ϭ.90) have been reported to yield reliable measurements in subjects with PD. 40,41 The Get Up & Go Test is a timed test of rising from a chair and walking a distance of 3 m, turning, walking back to the same chair, and completely sitting down. In a previous study, 42 the test demonstrated high test-retest reliability (r ϭ.73-.99) and interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC]ϭ.87-.99) in subjects with PD.…”

Section: Mobility Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FRT has been used as a balance assessment tool to evaluate the effectiveness of many interventions, as a practical functional assessment of elderly people, and as a predictor of falls, 45 and it had good test-retest reliability in individuals with PD (ICCϭ.84). 40 To assess his balance on an unstable surface, the patient stood without shoes on a square, medium-density, 12.7-cm-width (5-in-width) foam pad, with his arms folded across his chest and eyes closed. He was timed until he lost his balance or opened his eyes.…”

Section: Balance Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supported Treadmill Training for Gait and Balance in a Patient With Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

2002

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Background and Purpose. Impaired balance, gait disturbances, and frequent falls are common problems in people with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). This case report describes the use of a modified body weight support treadmill training program to reduce falls and improve the balance and gait of a patient with PSP. Case Description. The patient was a 62-year-old man diagnosed with PSP. His major problems were impaired balance and frequent, abrupt falls. Methods. Physical therapy included walk training, balance perturbation, and step training using body weight support with a treadmill. Training sessions lasted 1 1 ⁄2 hours and occurred 3 days a week for 8 weeks. Fall incidence, balance, and gait were assessed before, during, and after the program. Outcomes. The patient reported fewer falls during and after training. Balance and gait improved after training. Discussion. This case report is the first to report fall reduction, improved gait, and improved balance following physical therapy for a person with PSP. [Suteerawattananon M, MacNeill B, Protas EJ. Supported treadmill training for gait and balance in a patient with progressive supranuclear palsy. Phys Ther. 2002;82:485-495 A fter idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is the most common degenerative form of parkinsonism, although it is still a relatively rare neurologic disorder. 1 Pathologically, PSP is characterized by severe degeneration of the brain stem (eg, red nuclei, substantia nigra), diencephalon (eg, thalamic nuclei, subthalamic nuclei), cerebellum (eg, dentate nuclei), and other cortical areas. The incidence of PSP has been reported to be about 3 to 4 per million per year. [2][3][4] Most patients have difficulty with balance, turning, getting up, and sitting down as well as facial hypomimia, hypophonia, slowness of movement, gait disturbance, sleep disturbances, unexplained and abrupt falls, visual and ocular disturbances, slurred speech, dysphagia, and changes in personality. 5 Unlike the shuffling, festinating gait seen with PD, patients with PSP display a cavalier gait (described as a swaggering gait) with usual stride lengths and arm swing.In advanced stages, patients frequently have postural instability, a downward gaze, a frozen appearance with a worried stare, and reduced neck extension. Patients tend to lean and fall backward. The frequent and unexplained falls are a result of akinesia associated with axial rigidity, vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, and impaired postural reflexes. Eventually, patients develop anarthria and become immobile and helpless. Dementia is often present, but is mostly mild. Forgetfulness, an apathetic appearance, and slow thinking are frequently seen in clients with PSP. 6 Management of PSP by antiparkinsonian medications has remained disappointing. Dopaminergic medications reduce the bradykinesia and rigidity in about one third of the patients, but the benefit diminishes after a few years. 7,8 Partial therapeutic responses also have been obtained by using dopamine agonists suc...

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Measurement Instruments to Assess Functional Mobility in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review

Bouça‐Machado

Duarte

Patriarca³

et al. 2019

Movement Disord Clin Pract

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Background Background: Functional mobility (FM) is a person's ability to move to accomplish activities of daily living; it bridges the concepts of mobility and functional ability. There is frequently a loss of FM in Parkinson's disease (PD). Several instruments have been used to assess this concept in PD; however, there is no consensus on which are the most appropriate. Objective Objective: We aimed to identify and critically appraise which measurement instruments have been used to assess FM. Methods Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the databases CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and PEDro from their inception to January 2019 to identify all observational and experimental studies conducted in PD or atypical parkinsonism that included an FM assessment. Two reviewers independently screened citations, extracted data, and assessed clinimetric properties. Results Results: We included 95 studies that assessed FM in PD. Fifty-five (57.9%) studies mentioned FM in the article, and 39 (41.1%) specified the measurement tools used to evaluate FM. FM was the primary outcome in 12 (12.6%) studies. The Timed Up and Go test was the most frequently used measurement tool. Only one study presented a definition of FM. Several overlapping terms were used, the most common being mobility. Conclusion Conclusion: Several studies reported the use of FM measurement tools in PD, though with frequent misconceptions, an inadequate context of use, or suboptimal assessment. We propose the establishment of the concept of FM applied to PD, followed by the adequate clinimetric validation of existing measurement tools to provide a comprehensive and reliable evaluation of FM in PD.

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Reliability of outcome measures in individuals with Parkinson's Disease

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Influence of fear of falling on gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease

Influence of fear of falling on gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease

Supported Treadmill Training for Gait and Balance in a Patient With Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

Measurement Instruments to Assess Functional Mobility in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review

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