Reliability of measured tidal volume in mechanically ventilated young pigs with normal lungs

Abstract

Our results show that volume can be accurately measured at the expiratory valve of a conventional ventilator in neonatal- and pediatric-sized animals.

Generation of tidal volume via gentle chest pressure in children over one year old

“…In contrast, measuring TV at the airway opening overcomes most circuit compliance and dead space factors. 19 Since the majority of ventilators calculate TV at the ventilator level, verification of circuit compliance is an important element in determining TV. There are several ways to assess tubing compliance, and since its value depends on compressibility of the gas, tubing compliance can vary depending on the method of measurement.…”

Mechanical Ventilation of the Premature Neonate

“…The accuracy and precision of delivered V T with this method remains controversial in smaller infants, especially if the lung compliance is less than that of the ventilator circuit. 45,46 It must be noted that all measurements, irrespective of source, are affected by ETT leaks, humidification, ventilator circuit compliance, and airway secretions. Some centers remove patients from volume-targeted ventilation if the ETT leak is Ͼ 30% or re-intubate with a larger ETT to eliminate the leak, so a volume-targeted mode can be used.…”

Relationship between endotracheal tube leakage and under‐reading of tidal volume in neonatal ventilators

“…However, insertion of the flow sensor increases apparatus dead space which can lead to unacceptable CO 2 -rebreathing, mainly in preterm infants (14), and also impairs alveolar gas exchange (15). Dead space free flow measurements, for example using data obtained either from the expiratory limb (16) or simultaneously from the inspiratory and expiratory limbs (17), are possible, but the instrumentation is expensive and measurement accuracy is lower.…”