Reliability of Malayalam version of Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index among institutionalized elderly in Alleppey, Kerala (India): A pilot study

Abstract

Background:Oral health has a profound effect on the daily activities of geriatric group. India being a multilingual country, it is essential that instruments used to evaluate the quality of life is in local languages. However, the validation and translational aspect are important before involving a larger cohort of geriatrics.Aim:To assess the reliability of Malayalam version of Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI-m).Settings and Design:Institutionalized elderly in Alleppey, Kerala, cross-sectional study.Materials and Methods:The 12 items in GOHAI were translated into Malayalam using a back-translation technique. The comprehensibility of the Malayalam version was assessed by a pilot study. Fifty institutionalized elderly answered the questionnaire. Impact based on age and marital status was also assessed.Statistical Analysis:Independent sample t-test, Cronbach's alpha, test–retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results:The mean GOHAI-m scores were higher for elderly participants with slightly more impact on quality of life such as for biting or chewing food, and lower mean GOHAI-m scores indicated a positive impact on quality of life such as their self-conscious of oral health. Cronbach's alpha of 0.677 was reached with 12 items. Item 12 had a negative item-total correlation, −0.016, the deletion of Item-12 increased the item correlation to 0.7. Test–retest reliability of 0.65 for ICC indicated moderate stability. Females had more impact than males (P < 0.05). Age and marital status had no impact on their quality of life.Conclusion:The primary analysis of GOHAI-m indicated moderate stability. The elimination of negative items depends on the objectives of the study and/or after conducting a larger study keeping in view various parameters of the study.

Validation of a modified version of the Spanish Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI-SP) for adults and elder people

“…The reliability of the Malayan version of the GOHAI [29] was assessed before use in a larger cohort of elder adults of different cultures. A Cronbach's alpha of 0.67 was reached for the 12 GOHAI items.…”

Reliability of Turkish Versions of Two Different Oral Health Indexes for Edentulous Geriatric Patients: A Pilot Study

“…However, using only objective clinical methods is not sufficient for determining which of these factors and special methods are required. 4,5,7,8 For this purpose, oral HRQoL (QHRQoL) indexes have been developed. 4,9 While numerous QHRQoL indexes have been developed in recent years, only some of them are frequently used in dentistry.…”

“…4,9 While numerous QHRQoL indexes have been developed in recent years, only some of them are frequently used in dentistry. 5,[10][11][12] The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) was first implemented in 1994 by Slade and Spencer and includes 49 questions and seven subscales (i.e., functional limitation, psychological discomfort, physical pain, physical disability, social disability, psychological disability, and handicap). 10 In 2003, Allen and Locker prepared a modified index known as the Oral Health Impact Profile for Edentulous (OHIP-EDENT), which included 19 questions and which is frequently used to understand on edentulous individuals today.…”

“…11 This index consists of 12 questions and is comprehensive enough to measure a patient's oral functional problems and to assess issues such as physical, psychological, and social functioning as well as pain and discomfort. 5,11 These indexes have been developed mainly in English and cannot be applied directly in Turkishspeaking groups because of the differences in linguistic, social, or economic structures and cultural characteristics. 12,14 The applicability of such indexes in different countries is only possible with their translation according to the linguistic and cultural characteristics of the selected countries.…”

“…12,14 The applicability of such indexes in different countries is only possible with their translation according to the linguistic and cultural characteristics of the selected countries. 5,12,14 In the last few years, Turkish versions of such indexes have been developed but, because of the number of studies boasting their involvement is few, available results are insufficient to reach definite conclusions about the indexes" usefulness. 4,[15][16][17] Also, to the best of our knowledge, in the literature there are no studies to test the Turkish version of such indexes in edentulous individuals.…”