Reliability of hindfoot goniometry when using a flexible electrogoniometer

Reliability and validity of a new ankle electrogoniometer

“…These results exceeded r ¼ 0.80 and were similar to those of the A-para [14,17], confirming our hypothesis. These findings also confirm or exceed those reported previously at the foot and ankle [13,23].…”

“…Electrogoniometers demonstrated good reliability for repeated measurement ankle dorsi/plantar flexion [12] and foot inversion/eversion [13].…”

Peroneal reaction times for diagnosis of functional ankle instability

“…Foot eversion/inversion measurements were recorded with a strain‐gauge goniometer (Type M 110, Penny & Giles, Blackwood, UK). The distal end block was taped to the calcaneus and the proximal end block was taped to the calf in line with the distal one according to the suggestions of Ball and Johnson [27] (Figure 1).…”

“…The distal end had two silver detection surfaces with a diameter of 12 mm and an interelectrode distance of 20 mm block was taped to the calcaneus and the proximal end block was taped to the calf in line with the centre-to-centre. In order to reduce skin impedance the recording sites were prepared by shaving, distal one according to the suggestions of Ball and Johnson [27] (Figure 1). cleaning with 70% alcohol, and applying electrode gel.…”

Exploración de la flexión dorsal del tobillo: Una revisión

“…Although hand-held goniometers have introduced quantification 33 they have major drawbacks in measuring ROM; goniometric reliability is unproven with reliability studies often having major flaws in design or analysis 34 . In fact, goniometry has been shown to be unreliable for rearfoot assessment 35,36 and the responsiveness of ankle range of motion measurements is uncertain 30 . These problems with reliability have spurred the design of a number of devices and procedures aimed at measuring ankle dorsiflexion.…”