Reliability of heart rate variability threshold and parasympathetic reactivation after a submaximal exercise test

Cruz, Carlos Janssen Gomes da; Rolim, Paloma da Silva; Pires, Deleon de Souza; Mendes, Christopher Marcos Oliveira; Paula, Gabriel Monteiro de; Porto, Luiz Guilherme Grossi; Garcia, Giliard Lago; Molina, Guilherme Eckhardt

doi:10.1590/s1980-6574201700010010

Cited by 6 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similarly, the velocity at HRVT, identified by the SD1 and RMSSD indexes and using visual criteria during a submaximal treadmill test, presented high ICC (0.92) and low CV (10.8 %) [7]; additionally, the velocity at the HRVT, identified during an incremental walking test from the SD1 index and by HRVT 2 criteria, presented a high ICC (0.92) in middle-aged and older adults [9]. These studies demonstrated that HRVT determination appears to be reproducible, regardless of HRV index, HRVT determination criteria, test protocol, and population evaluated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The reproducibility of resting HRV indexes has been observed in several populations [14,17,21]. However, the reproducibility of HRV indexes during moderate and intense exercise [16], as well as HRVT determination, has been poorly investigated [6,7,9], and these studies differ in HRV indexes and criteria for determination, intensity, and type of physical exercise. In addition, most studies have assessed homogeneous populations (normal weight and physically active individuals) [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproducibility of Heart Rate Variability Threshold in Untrained Individuals

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of the heart rate variability threshold (HRVT) by different HRV indexes and determination criteria. 68 untrained participants, 17 women (24.09±4.91 years old; 21.54±1.97 kg∙m−2) and 51 men (24.52±3.52 years old; 26.51±6.31 kg∙m−2), were evaluated on 2 different days (test and retest). The HRVT was determined during an incremental exercise test using 2 indexes (SD1 and RMSSD) and criteria (HRTV1, first intensity of physical effort with index<3 ms, and HRVT2, first intensity of physical effort, in which the index presents a difference<1 ms between 2 consecutive intensities). There was no significant difference (p<0.05) between the test and retest for any of the variables evaluated. All variables, except for the rate of perceived exertion at HRVT2, presented moderate to high intraclass correlation coefficient (HRVT1: 0.55–0.85 and HRVT2:0.58–0.69). All variables at HRVT1 and the heart rate at HRVT2 showed coefficient of variation ~ 10%. The HRVT, regardless of criteria and HRV index used, showed satisfactory reproducibility. Thus, these criteria can be used to assess clinically autonomic cardiac modulation and aerobic capacity, and to analyze the effect of different interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility of Heart Rate Variability Threshold in Untrained Individuals

et al. 2018

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“…HRVT was assessed adopting two methods a) the load (W) corresponding to the point of stabilization in which there was no further significant decline in the values of the SD1 during IET, identified by means of visual graphic evaluation (visual method-HRVTV) 9,13,27 ; b) the first load with SD1 value lower than 3ms (mathematical method-HRVT<3) 7 . Both methods are illustrated in the Figure 1b.…”

Section: Heart Rate Variability Threshold Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to reflecting the parasympathetic plateau during exercise, some researchers showed that HRVT coincides with lactate (LT) and first ventilatory (VT) thresholds [8][9][10][11][12] . Thus, the analysis of HRVT emerges as a reproducible 13 , noninvasive and low-cost strategy for the anaerobic threshold (AT) determination 8,12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From that perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the agreement and reliability of HRVT determination by 60 seconds iRR segments obtained from the first (HRVT1) and second (HRVT2) minutes comparatively to the standard 3rd (HRVT3) minute segment of each IET stage among healthy and physically active male adults. Due to the moderate to high interday reliability of HRVT assessed in short-stage protocols 13,18 , we hypothesize that HRVT can be similarly assessed by the first, second or even in the third iRR segment of analysis during an incremental exercise test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is a short-stage protocol during an incremental exercise test reliable for heart rate variability threshold analysis?

Cruz

Porto

Garcia

et al. 2019

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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Heart rate variability threshold (HRVT) is a valid method to determine parasympathetic depression during an incremental exercise test (IET). However, HRVT is usually assessed using the last 60s of each 180s stage of an IET, resulting in longer and demotivating tests. This study aimed to evaluate the agreement of HRVT analysis adopting the first and second minute of R-R interval (iRR) segment comparatively to a standard third-minute segment obtained at each 3-min stage on IET. Methods: Seventeen young male subjects (22.2 ± 3.1 years; 23.4 ± 2.3 kg/m 2) underwent IET on a cycle ergometer. HRVT was considered the load corresponding to the point of stabilization of the SD1 index (HRVTV), or the first load with SD1 value < 3ms (HRVT<3), both assessed by the 1 st (HRVT1V, HRVT1<3), 2 nd (HRVT2V, HRVT2<3) and standard 3 rd (HRVT3V, HRVT3<3) 60s iRR segment analyzed at each stage of IET. Agreement and reliability were assessed by the Bland-Altman analysis and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. Results: High reliability and non-significant bias were observed considering HRVT1V vs HRVT3V (ICC = 0.92; p = 0.18) or HRVT2V vs HRVT3V (ICC = 0.94; p = 0.99). However, lower reliability was observed for HRVT1<3 vs HRVT3<3 (ICC = 0.79; p = 0.75) and for HRVT2<3 vs HRVT3<3 (ICC = 0.91; p = 0.33). Conclusion: HRVT can be similarly assessed by the 1 st , 2 nd or 3 rd 60 seconds iRR segment, mainly when assessed by a visual method.

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Caffeine increases parasympathetic reactivation without altering resting and exercise cardiac parasympathetic modulation: A balanced placebo design

Rolim

Matos

Soares

et al. 2018

European Journal of Sport Science

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The sympathicotonic effect of caffeine is strongly evidenced in the literature. However, the effects of caffeine or caffeine expectancy on the cardiac parasympathetic modulation remain obscure. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of caffeine consumption and expectancy of caffeine consumption on the cardiac parasympathetic modulation under different stress conditions. Twenty-one physically active men (22.3 ± 2.9 years, 25.2 ± 2.7 kg/m 2 ) consumed ∼3 mg/kg of caffeine received as caffeine, caffeine as placebo, placebo as placebo and placebo as caffeine. Parasympathetic modulation was assessed by heart rate variability (HRV-Poincaré SD1 index) at supine and orthostatic positions, during a submaximal exercise (HRV threshold-HRV T ) and during each 60 seconds (s) within 300 s of post-exercise active recovery. A factorial ANOVA for repeated measures (p < 0.05) was used to assess the effect of caffeine, expectancy and resting time after caffeine intake on the HRV. No significant effect of caffeine or expectancy was observed on the SD1 value at supine or standing positions (p = 0.47-0.53; p = 0.57-0.31, respectively), despite an increase in this variable after resting periods in both positions (p < 0.001). During exercise, caffeine and expectancy do not alter the HRV T (p = 0.51-0.39). However, higher SD1 values were observed after caffeine administration from 60 to 300 s post-exercise recovery (p = 0.01-0.05) but not for the effects of expectancy (p = 0.19-0.94). We concluded that low doses of caffeine or expectancy do not alter the resting cardiac parasympathetic modulation or HRV T . However, caffeine, but not expectancy, increases parasympathetic reactivation after a submaximal exercise test in young men.

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Reliability of heart rate variability threshold and parasympathetic reactivation after a submaximal exercise test

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Reproducibility of Heart Rate Variability Threshold in Untrained Individuals

Reproducibility of Heart Rate Variability Threshold in Untrained Individuals

Is a short-stage protocol during an incremental exercise test reliable for heart rate variability threshold analysis?

Caffeine increases parasympathetic reactivation without altering resting and exercise cardiac parasympathetic modulation: A balanced placebo design

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