Reliability of event-related potentials: The influence of number of trials and electrodes

Huffmeijer, Renske; Bakermans‐Kranenburg, Marian J.; Alink, Lenneke R. A.; IJzendoorn, Marinus H. van

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.03.008

Cited by 153 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The N170 component has excellent test-retest reliability, and obtaining as few as 10 or 20 artifact-free trials per condition for each participant may be sufficient to attain adequate reliability (Huffmeijer et al, 2014). The N170 is linked to pre-categorical structural encoding of emotional faces, where generated holistic internal face representations are used by subsequent finer-grained processing of expression categorization (Calvo and Beltran, 2014; Rossion, 2014; Bekhtereva et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Temporal Dynamics of Facial Emotion Processing: Age Effects and Relationship to Cognitive Function

et al. 2017

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This study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the effects of age on neural temporal dynamics of processing task-relevant facial expressions and their relationship to cognitive functions. Negative (sad, afraid, angry, and disgusted), positive (happy), and neutral faces were presented to 30 older and 31 young participants who performed a facial emotion categorization task. Behavioral and ERP indices of facial emotion processing were analyzed. An enhanced N170 for negative faces, in addition to intact right-hemispheric N170 for positive faces, was observed in older adults relative to their younger counterparts. Moreover, older adults demonstrated an attenuated within-group N170 laterality effect for neutral faces, while younger adults showed the opposite pattern. Furthermore, older adults exhibited sustained temporo-occipital negativity deflection over the time range of 200–500 ms post-stimulus, while young adults showed posterior positivity and subsequent emotion-specific frontal negativity deflections. In older adults, decreased accuracy for labeling negative faces was positively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scores, and accuracy for labeling neutral faces was negatively correlated with age. These findings suggest that older people may exert more effort in structural encoding for negative faces and there are different response patterns for the categorization of different facial emotions. Cognitive functioning may be related to facial emotion categorization deficits observed in older adults. This may not be attributable to positivity effects: it may represent a selective deficit for the processing of negative facial expressions in older adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Temporal Dynamics of Facial Emotion Processing: Age Effects and Relationship to Cognitive Function

et al. 2017

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“…1C), the values of 9 electrodes (FC1, FCz, FC2, C1, Cz, C2, CP1, CPz, and CP2) were averaged to form a vertex region of interest. Averaging across electrodes that show consistent and comparable activity has also been demonstrated to be more reliable than using single electrodes (Huffmeijer et al., 2014). Grand average waveforms were used to select peak latency measurement epochs, see Supplementary Material.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory perception in the aging brain: the role of inhibition and facilitation in early processing

Stothart

Kazanina

2016

Neurobiology of Aging

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Aging affects the interplay between peripheral and cortical auditory processing. Previous studies have demonstrated that older adults are less able to regulate afferent sensory information and are more sensitive to distracting information. Using auditory event-related potentials we investigated the role of cortical inhibition on auditory and audiovisual processing in younger and older adults. Across puretone, auditory and audiovisual speech paradigms older adults showed a consistent pattern of inhibitory deficits, manifested as increased P50 and/or N1 amplitudes and an absent or significantly reduced N2. Older adults were still able to use congruent visual articulatory information to aid auditory processing but appeared to require greater neural effort to resolve conflicts generated by incongruent visual information. In combination, the results provide support for the Inhibitory Deficit Hypothesis of aging. They extend previous findings into the audiovisual domain and highlight older adults' ability to benefit from congruent visual information during speech processing.

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“…More recently, studies have attempted to provide specific, data-driven guidelines for how many trials should be included in an ERP experiment. These studies have examined several widely used ERP components, including the error-related negativity (ERN), error positivity (Pe), N100, N200, vertex positive potential (VPP)/N170, mismatch-negativity (MMN), feedback-related negativity (FRN), late positive potential (LPP), and P300 (Cohen & Polich, 1997; Duncan et al, 2009; Fischer, Klein, & Ullsperger, 2017; Huffmeijer, Bakermans-Kranenburg, Alink, & van IJzendoorn, 2014; Larson, Baldwin, Good, & Fair, 2010; Marco-Pallares, Cucurell, Münte, Strien, & Rodriguez-Fornells, 2011; Olvet & Hajcak, 2009; Pontifex et al, 2010; Rietdijk, Franken, & Thurik, 2014; Segalowitz & Barnes, 1993; Steele et al, 2016; Thigpen, Kappenman, & Keil, 2017). The general approach of these studies has been to take the data from an experiment with a particular number of trials and simulate experiments with smaller numbers of trials by subsampling from the original dataset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important conclusion that one might draw from previous studies of the number of trials is that ERP researchers can collect data from relatively small numbers of trials without any practical cost to data quality (Cohen & Polich, 1997; Duncan et al, 2009; Fischer et al, 2017; Huffmeijer et al, 2014; Larson et al, 2010; Marco-Pallares et al, 2011; Olvet & Hajcak, 2009; Pontifex et al, 2010; Rietdijk et al, 2014; Segalowitz & Barnes, 1993; Steele et al, 2016; Thigpen et al, 2017). For example, a researcher may read that “P300 amplitude stabilizes with approximately 20 target trials for all conditions” (Cohen & Polich, 1997, p. 249) or that the “ERN and Pe may be accurately quantified with as few as six to eight commission error trials across the life span” (Pontifex et al, 2010, p. 767).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How many trials does it take to get a significant ERP effect? It depends

et al. 2017

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In designing an ERP study, researchers must choose how many trials to include, balancing the desire to maximize statistical power and the need to minimize the length of the recording session. Recent studies have attempted to quantify the minimum number of trials needed to obtain reliable measures for a variety of ERP components. However, these studies have largely ignored other variables that affect statistical power in ERP studies, including sample size and effect magnitude. The goal of the present study was to determine whether and how the number of trials, number of participants, and effect magnitude interact to influence statistical power, thus providing a better guide for selecting an appropriate number of trials. We used a Monte Carlo approach to measure the probability of obtaining a statistically significant result when testing for (a) the presence of an ERP effect, (b) within-participant condition differences in an ERP effect, and (c) between-participants group differences in an ERP effect. Each of these issues was examined in the context of the error-related negativity and the lateralized readiness potential. We found that doubling the number of trials recommended by previous studies led to more than a doubling of statistical power under many conditions. Thus, when determining the number of trials that should be included in a given study, researchers must consider the sample size, the anticipated effect magnitude, and the noise level, rather than relying solely on general recommendations about the number of trials needed to obtain a "stable" ERP waveform.

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Reliability of event-related potentials: The influence of number of trials and electrodes

Cited by 153 publications

References 34 publications

Neural Temporal Dynamics of Facial Emotion Processing: Age Effects and Relationship to Cognitive Function

Neural Temporal Dynamics of Facial Emotion Processing: Age Effects and Relationship to Cognitive Function

Auditory perception in the aging brain: the role of inhibition and facilitation in early processing

How many trials does it take to get a significant ERP effect? It depends

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