Reliability of an isometric and isokinetic strength testing protocol of the knee and ankle in young adults

Gobbo, Stefano; Bergamin, Marco; Bullo, Valentina; Bergamo, Manuele; Bocalini, Danilo Sales; Blasio, Andrea Di; Cugusi, Lucia; Roma, Enrico; Battista, Francesca; Alberton, Cristine Lima; Neunhäeuserer, Daniel; Frizziero, Antonio; Vendramin, Barbara; Duregon, Federica; Ermolao, Andrea

doi:10.32098/mltj.03.2019.08

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Prior to each test sequence, subjects performed a standardized 10-min warm-up on a cycling ergometer (50 W) followed by three submaximal repetitions to familiarize with the testing procedure. For data assessment, we use concentric–concentric contractions at a 60°/s angular speed, in the full individual range of motion (ROM) [ 11 ]. Two sets of three repetitions with maximum effort were executed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

General, spinal or regional anaesthesia does not affect strength performance 6 months after ACL reconstruction

Mauch²,

Heitner³

et al. 2022

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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Purpose The recovery of strength is a key element in successfully returning to sports after ACL reconstruction. The type of anaesthesia has been suspected an influential factor in the post-operative recovery of muscle function. Methods In this retrospective analysis, n = 442 consecutive patients undergoing primary isolated ACL reconstruction using a hamstring autograft were analysed by pre- and post-operative isokinetic tests in a single orthopaedic centre. These were subdivided into four cohorts: (1) general anaesthesia (n = 47), (2) general anaesthesia with prolonged (48 h) on-demand femoral nerve block (n = 37), (3) spinal anaesthesia (n = 169) and (4) spinal anaesthesia with prolonged (48 h) on-demand femoral nerve block (n = 185). Primary outcome was the change from pre- to post-operative isokinetic strength during knee extension and flexion. Results Using one-way ANOVA, there was no significant influence of the type of anaesthesia. The main effect of anaesthesia on change in extension forces was not significant, and effect sizes were very small (n.s.). Similarly, the main effect of anaesthesia on change in flexion forces was statistically not significant (n.s.). Conclusions The findings of this study support the interpretation that the type of anaesthesia has no significant effect on the ability to recover thigh muscle strength 6 months after isolated hamstring ACL reconstruction. With regard to the recovery of athletic performance and return-to-sports testing criteria, there is no reason to avoid regional anaesthesia. Level of evidence III.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

General, spinal or regional anaesthesia does not affect strength performance 6 months after ACL reconstruction

Mauch²,

Heitner³

et al. 2022

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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“…Maximal strength was assessed by an isokinetic dynamometer (Humac Norm, CSMi, Stoughton, MA, USA) at a movement speed of 30°/s for plantar-and dorsiflexion. Patients laid in a prone position and the foot was tightly fixed to the footplate with Velcro straps, while the shank and the thigh were tied to the seat with a belt as described in the literature [36]. The plantarflexion/dorsiflexion axis of the upper ankle joint (best guessed by the intermalleolar axis) coincided with the rotation axis of the lever arm.…”

Section: Isokinetic Maximal Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plantarflexion/dorsiflexion axis of the upper ankle joint (best guessed by the intermalleolar axis) coincided with the rotation axis of the lever arm. For the measurements of supination and pronation, the patient was sitting semi-recumbent with the shank fixed at the leg support and the foot fixed to the footplate with Velcro straps [36,37]. The axis of rotation was aligned with the axis of the lower ankle joint as defined by the dynamometer instructions.…”

Section: Isokinetic Maximal Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional deficits in chronic mechanical ankle instability

Gehring

Mauch³

et al. 2020

J Orthop Surg Res

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Background: The interaction of functional and mechanical deficits in chronic ankle instability remains a major issue in current research. After an index sprain, some patients develop sufficient coping strategies, while others require mechanical support. This study aimed to analyze persisting functional deficits in mechanically unstable ankles requiring operative stabilization. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the functional testing of 43 patients suffering from chronic, unilateral mechanical ankle instability (MAI) and in which long-term conservative treatment had failed. Manual testing and arthroscopy confirmed mechanical instability. The functional testing included balance test, gait analysis, and concentric-concentric, isokinetic strength measurements and was compared between the non-affected and the MAI ankles. Results: Plantarflexion, supination, and pronation strength was significantly reduced in MAI ankles. A sub-analysis of the strength measurement revealed that in non-MAI ankles, the peak pronation torque was reached earlier during pronation (maximum peak torque angle at 20°vs. 14°of supination, p < 0.001). Furthermore, active range of motion was reduced in dorsiflexion and supination. In balance testing, patients exhibited a significant increased perimeter for the injured ankle (p < 0.02). During gait analysis, we observed an increased external rotation in MAI (8.7 vs. 6.8°, p<0.02). Conclusions: This study assesses functional deficits existent in a well-defined population of patients suffering from chronic MAI. Impairments of postural sway, gait asymmetries, and asymmetric isokinetic strength can be observed despite long-term functional treatment. The finding that pronation strength is particularly reduced with the foot in a close-to-accident position indicates potential muscular dysfunction in MAI. Possibly, these deficits alongside the underlying mechanical instability characterize patients requiring mechanical stabilization.

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“…The test was performed three times per each leg, letting 60 s of rest among them. The protocol used for lower limb strength assessment was previously tested and showed high reliability [26,27]. Outcomes from participants unable to perform the three trials per each type of strength evaluation were excluded from the muscular strength parameters analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From surgery to functional capacity: muscle strength modifications in women post sleeve gastrectomy

Bullo,

Pavan,

Gobbo

et al. 2024

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Background Severe obesity is characterized by excessive accumulation of fat generating a general health decline. Multidisciplinary treatment of obesity leads to significant weight loss in a few patients; therefore, many incur bariatric surgery. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate changes in functional capacity of people with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery and, in parallel, to correlate pre-surgery functional capacity with weight loss to improve exercise prescription during pre-operatory stage. Methods sixty women with diagnosed obesity were included. Maximal oxygen consumption, upper and lower limb strength and level of physical activity were recorded 1 month before and 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy. Results significant reduction on body weight (-30.1 kg) and Body Mass Index (-11.4 kg/m2) were highlighted after surgery. Absolute grip strength decreased significantly (-1.1 kg), while body weight normalized grip and lower limb strength increased significantly. The level of physical activity increased especially in leisure time (+ 593 METs/week) and active transport (+ 189.3 METs/week). Pre-surgery BMI and age predicted the amount of weight loss after surgery. Conclusions Sleeve gastrectomy induces a reduction of muscle strength despite the increase of time spent in physical activity. Further research is necessary to integrate these results with data on body composition, and objective evaluation of physical activity level to define useful information for exercise prescription in terms of surgery pre-habilitation. Trial registration Padova University Hospital Board (protocol n. 2027 dated January 12, 2017).

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Reliability of an isometric and isokinetic strength testing protocol of the knee and ankle in young adults

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

General, spinal or regional anaesthesia does not affect strength performance 6 months after ACL reconstruction

General, spinal or regional anaesthesia does not affect strength performance 6 months after ACL reconstruction

Functional deficits in chronic mechanical ankle instability

From surgery to functional capacity: muscle strength modifications in women post sleeve gastrectomy

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